{"id":2618,"date":"2023-05-18T13:02:43","date_gmt":"2023-05-18T10:02:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/?p=2618"},"modified":"2023-05-18T13:02:43","modified_gmt":"2023-05-18T10:02:43","slug":"biset","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/2618\/","title":{"rendered":"Bi’set\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Bi’set<\/b>\u00a0(Arap\u00e7a: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629),\u00a0Hz. Muhammed Mustafa\u2019n\u0131n (s.a.a) insanlar\u0131n hidayeti i\u00e7in\u00a0Allah\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilmesini zaman ve mek\u00e2n olarak anlatan bir terimdir. \u201cMeb\u2019es\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde \u201cbi\u2019set\u201d manas\u0131na gelen masdar anlam\u0131 da yatmaktad\u0131r. “Bi\u2019set” kelimesi \u0130slam litaret\u00fcr\u00fcnde daha \u00e7ok Hz.\u00a0Peygamber\u00a0Efendimiz (s.a.a) i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Peygamber Efendimiz (s.a.a) 40 ya\u015f\u0131nda Nur da\u011f\u0131nda (Mekke\u00a0\u015fehri yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda)\u00a0Hira Ma\u011faras\u0131’nda Cebrail arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla peygamberli\u011fi kendisine iletilmi\u015ftir ve bu \u0130slam dininin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Bu olay\u00a0\u0130mamiye\u00a0\u015eialar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0me\u015fhur g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne g\u00f6re, Hicretten 13 y\u0131l \u00f6nce\u00a0Recep\u00a0ay\u0131n\u0131n 27\u2019sinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Hz. Fahri K\u00e2inat Efendimizin (s.a.a) bi\u2019setinden \u00f6nce, o b\u00f6lgenin insanlar\u0131 daha \u00e7ok putperest idi. Ancak buna ra\u011fmen, aya tapanlar, g\u00fcne\u015fe tapanlar, y\u0131ld\u0131za tapanlar ve asl\u0131 bozulan semavi dinlere mensup olanlar da Hicaz\u2019\u0131n farkl\u0131 yerlerinde ya\u015famaktayd\u0131lar. Ama Peygamber Efendimizin (s.a.a) bi\u2019seti ve\u00a0\u0130slam\u2019\u0131n zuhuru ile bu din putperestlik dinini ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve Hicaz\u2019a h\u00e2kim olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Hz. Resul-\u00fc Kibriya Efendimizin (s.a.a) meb\u2019es y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc\u00a0M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u00a0b\u00fcy\u00fck bayramlar\u0131ndand\u0131r ve “Meb\u2019es bayram\u0131” olarak kutlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n
\n

\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/h2>\n

    \n
  • 1<\/span>Terminoloji<\/span>\n
      \n
    • 1.1<\/span>S\u00f6zl\u00fck ve Terim Anlam\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n
    • 1.2<\/span>Kur\u2019an\u2019da<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • 2<\/span>Hicaz\u2019\u0131n Bi\u2019set \u00d6ncesi Dini<\/span><\/li>\n
    • 3<\/span>\u0130slam \u00d6ncesi Ya\u015fama dair \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin (a.s) A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/span><\/li>\n
    • 4<\/span>Hz. Fahri K\u00e2inat\u0131n (s.a.a) Bi\u2019seti<\/span><\/li>\n
    • 5<\/span>\u0130slam K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde Bi\u2019setin Yeri<\/span><\/li>\n
    • 6<\/span>Kaynak\u00e7a<\/span><\/li>\n
    • 7<\/span>Bibliyografi<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

      Terminoloji<\/span><\/h2>\n

      <\/span>S\u00f6zl\u00fck ve Terim Anlam\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n

      \u201cMeb\u2019es\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Arap l\u00fcgat\u0131nda masdar-\u0131 mimi, ism-i zaman ve ism-i mek\u00e2nd\u0131r. \u201cb-e-s\u201d (\u0628 \u0639 \u062b) k\u00f6k\u00fcnden olup, g\u00f6ndermek anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. “Meb\u2019es” g\u00f6ndermek,[1]<\/sup>\u00a0yollamak[2]<\/sup>\u00a0ve ba\u015flatmak[3]<\/sup>\u00a0anlamlar\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      “Meb\u2019es” kelimesinde “Bi\u2019set” anlam\u0131na gelen mastar veya bi\u2019set zaman\u0131n\u0131 anlatan ism-i zaman da dikkate al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla genellikle meb\u2019es, “g\u00fcn” veya “yevm” kelimesiyle birlikte kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r (meb\u2019es g\u00fcn\u00fc veya yevmu\u2019l meb\u2019es).[4]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      Din\u00ee terim olarak, bi\u2019set bir insan\u0131n di\u011fer insanlar\u0131n hidayeti ve Allah\u2019\u0131n dinine davet i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderilmesi anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r.[5]<\/sup>\u00a0Meb\u2019es g\u00fcn\u00fc veya meb\u2019es bayram\u0131,\u00a0Hz. Muhammed Mustafa\u2019n\u0131n (s.a.a) Allah taraf\u0131ndan risaletle mebus edildi\u011fi g\u00fcnd\u00fcr.[6]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      <\/span>Kur\u2019an\u2019da<\/span><\/h3>\n

      Bi\u2019set,\u00a0Kur\u2019an\u00a0k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde, i\u00e7inde bir \u00e7e\u015fit de\u011fi\u015fiklik olan tekam\u00fcl\u00fcn a\u015famalar\u0131ndan birisine g\u00f6nderme ve ula\u015ft\u0131rma fakt\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bundan dolay\u0131, \u00f6l\u00fclerin ha\u015fredilmesi anlam\u0131nda da kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zira b\u00fcy\u00fck bir de\u011fi\u015fim ve yeni bir atmosfere girmenin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.[7]<\/sup>\u00a0Ancak yayg\u0131n terim anlam\u0131 olarak peygamberlerin insanlar\u0131n hidayeti i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderilmesi anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.[8]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim’de \u201cBi\u2019set\u201d Allah\u2019a nispet verilmektedir. \u00d6l\u00fclerin dirili\u015fi, yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015fa has yasa ve kanunlar, resullerin g\u00f6nderili\u015finin tamam\u0131 Allah\u2019\u0131n alemlerin yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki mutlak egemenli\u011fine ve ilgili hedeflere i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/p>\n

      Peygamberlerin g\u00f6nderilmesinde dikkat \u00e7eken nokta,\u00a0Allah\u2019\u0131n insanlara olan l\u00fctfudur.[9]<\/sup>\u00a0Bu l\u00fctuf hidayet ve dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131kt\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda insanlar\u0131n i\u00e7inden ve ayn\u0131 t\u00fcrdendir.[10]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      \u201cAndolsun, Allah, m\u00fcminlere kendi i\u00e7lerinden, onlara ayetlerini okuyan, onlar\u0131 ar\u0131t\u0131p tertemiz yapan, onlara kitap ve hikmeti \u00f6\u011freten bir peygamber g\u00f6ndermekle b\u00fcy\u00fck bir l\u00fctufta bulunmu\u015ftur. Oysa onlar, daha \u00f6nce apa\u00e7\u0131k bir sap\u0131kl\u0131k i\u00e7inde idiler.\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      Peygamberlerin insan t\u00fcr\u00fcnden se\u00e7ilmesi, bazen peygamberlerin i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 toplum taraf\u0131ndan alaya al\u0131nmalar\u0131na ve\u00a0m\u00fc\u015frikler, muanidler\/inat ehli ve m\u00fctekebbirlerin\/kendini be\u011fenmi\u015flerin inkar\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur.[12]<\/sup>\u00a0Ancak burada bir hikmet ve mant\u0131k yatmaktad\u0131r. Peygamberler Kur\u2019an\u2019da \u00f6rnek insan ve model olarak tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 hasebiyle,\u00a0[13]<\/sup>\u00a0e\u011fer ba\u015fka bir t\u00fcrden se\u00e7ilmi\u015f olsalard\u0131, \u0130nsano\u011flu i\u00e7in bir \u00f6rnek olamazlard\u0131. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla her peygamberin kendi t\u00fcr\u00fcnden olanlara g\u00f6nderilmesi, ilahi bir\u00a0s\u00fcnnet\u00a0ve ayn\u0131 zamanda muhalefet edenlere de bir kan\u0131t ve h\u00fcccettir.[14]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      <\/span>Hicaz\u2019\u0131n Bi\u2019set \u00d6ncesi Dini<\/span><\/h2>\n

      Arap Yar\u0131madas\u0131nda ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun dini, putperestlik \u00e7e\u015fitleriydi.\u00a0Yemen\u2019de ay ve g\u00fcne\u015fe tapmak yayg\u0131nd\u0131. Ay’\u0131 ilah ve g\u00fcne\u015fi ilahe bilmekteydiler. “Abdu\u015f\u015fems”, “Abdu\u015f\u015farik”, “Abdunnecm” ve “Abduss\u00fcreyya” gibi isimler, bu t\u00fcr ibadetlerin bir yans\u0131mas\u0131yd\u0131. Manevi kavramlara ve g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen g\u00fc\u00e7lere tapmak da ba\u015fka bir toplulu\u011fun ibadet tarz\u0131yd\u0131.[15]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      Ta\u015f ve a\u011fa\u00e7lara tapmak putperestli\u011fin bir ba\u015fka yans\u0131mas\u0131yd\u0131. Uzza\u2019n\u0131n mabedi \u00fc\u00e7 a\u011fa\u00e7t\u0131.\u00a0Mekke\u00a0ile Taif aras\u0131nda bulunmakta ve ad\u0131na nahle denmekteydi. Mekke civar\u0131nda Kurey\u015f\u2019in en b\u00fcy\u00fck putu “Hubel” idi. Periler, devler ve yarat\u0131klar gibi ruhlara tapmak da yar\u0131madan\u0131n farkl\u0131 yerlerinde yayg\u0131nd\u0131.[16]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f semavi din mensuplar\u0131 da bu topraklar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde ya\u015famaktayd\u0131lar. Yahudilik Yemen, Vadi\u2019l Kura, Hayber ve Yesrib (Medine)\u2019de Kurayza o\u011fullar\u0131, Kaynuka o\u011fullar\u0131, Nadir o\u011fullar\u0131 kabileleri aras\u0131nda ya\u015famaktayd\u0131. Kuzeyde ve\u00a0Yemen\u2019in g\u00fcneyinde Taglib, Gassan, Kudai kabileleri aras\u0131nda Hristiyanlar ya\u015famaktayd\u0131. Zerd\u00fc\u015ftl\u00fck ve Budizm kuzey do\u011fuda, Sabiiler\u00a0Yemen, Harran ve\u00a0Irak\u2019\u0131n kuzey b\u00f6lgelerinde yayg\u0131nd\u0131.[17]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      Az bir grup ise, bilinen yayg\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerden uzak kalmakta ve uzlet hayat\u0131 ya\u015famaktayd\u0131. Nitekim baz\u0131 rivayetlerde Hz. Peygamber Efendimizin (s.a.a) dedesi Abdulmuttalip, ilk olarak Ramazan ay\u0131nda Hira Ma\u011faras\u0131’nda kalmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0Ramazan\u00a0ay\u0131 oldu\u011funda Hira\u2019ya gider ve \u00f6ks\u00fczlere yard\u0131m ederdi. Ondan sonra Varaka b. Nevfel, Ebu Umeyye b. Mu\u011feyre gibileri onu takip etmi\u015f ve Ramazan ay\u0131 sonuna kadar o b\u00f6lgelerde kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Elbette Hira’da oldu\u011fu gibi, bir noktada toplanm\u0131yorlard\u0131. Ancak Ramazan ay\u0131nda uzlet ettikleri kesindir. Bu da halk\u0131n Ramazan ay\u0131na duydu\u011fu sayg\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6stermekte ve hatta belki de bu adetin ge\u00e7mi\u015ften o g\u00fcne kadar yayg\u0131n olarak geldi\u011finin bir g\u00f6stergesi idi. Kendisine bu t\u00fcr bir ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imini se\u00e7en veya putperestlik kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 olan gruplara h\u00fcnefa (hanifler) denmekteydi.[18]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      <\/span>\u0130slam \u00d6ncesi Ya\u015fama dair \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin (a.s) A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n

      Nehc\u00fc\u2019l Bela\u011fa\u2019n\u0131n nakletti\u011fine g\u00f6re,\u00a0M\u00fcminlerin Emiri \u0130mam Ali (a.s), Hz. Peygamber Efendimizin (s.a.a) bi\u2019setinden \u00f6nceki Araplar\u0131n ya\u015fam tarzlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylemektedir: \u201cAllah\u00a0Te\u00e2l\u00e2,\u00a0Muhammed\u2019i \u00e2lemleri korkutmak, sak\u0131nd\u0131rmak ve indirdi\u011fi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri emin bir halde korumak i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderdi. Siz Arap toplumu en k\u00f6t\u00fc din \u00fczereydiniz ve en k\u00f6t\u00fc yeri yurt edinmi\u015ftiniz. Etraf\u0131n\u0131zda sarp ta\u015flar\/kayalar ve (seslerden \u00fcrkmeyen) zehirli y\u0131lanlar vard\u0131. Bulan\u0131k\/pis sular\u0131 i\u00e7iyor, (kertenkele, hurma \u00e7ekirde\u011finden yap\u0131lan un gibi) sert \u015feyler yiyor, birbirinizin kan\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcyor ve akrabal\u0131k hakk\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetmiyordunuz. Putlar\u0131n\u0131z aran\u0131zda dikilmi\u015f ve\u00a0g\u00fcnah\u00a0i\u015flemekten \u00e7ekinmiyordunuz.\u201d[19]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      <\/span>Hz. Fahri K\u00e2inat\u0131n (s.a.a) Bi\u2019seti<\/span><\/h2>\n
      \n
      \n
      K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck resim olu\u015fturmada hata: Dosya eksik<\/div>\n
      \n
      <\/div>\n

      Hira Ma\u011faras\u0131<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      Hz. Fahri K\u00e2inat Efendimizin (s.a.a) bi\u2019seti 40 ya\u015f\u0131nda veya me\u015fhur g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak 43 ya\u015f\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.[20]<\/sup>\u00a0Bu farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin olu\u015fma nedeni, bi\u2019set kavram\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 edinimlerden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Acaba “Bi’set” terimi,\u00a0Kur\u2019an\u00a0ayetlerinin ilk nazil oldu\u011fu g\u00fcn anlam\u0131nda m\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r? Yoksa resmi ve aleni tebli\u011fe ba\u015flan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcne mi “Bi’set” denilmi\u015ftir?<\/p>\n

      Tarih\u00e7ilerin dedi\u011fine g\u00f6re meb\u2019es,\u00a0Amu\u2019l Fil’in yani Fil y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n 40\u2019\u0131nda\u00a0Recep ay\u0131n\u0131n\u00a027\u2019sinde ve\u00a0\u0130ran\u2019daki\u00a0Husrev Perviz\u00a0h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin 20. y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fka g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler\u00a0Ramazan\u00a0ay\u0131n\u0131n 17 veya 18\u2019inde yahut\u00a0Rebi\u00fclevvel\u00a0ay\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnlerinden birinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.\u00a0\u015eialar\u00a0bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler i\u00e7inde ilk g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc kabul etmektedir.[21]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      Hz. Resul-\u00fc Kibriya Efendimiz\u00a0(s.a.a)\u00a0ibadet\u00a0ve yakar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in Hira Ma\u011faras\u0131’nda bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada,\u00a0Alak suresinin\u00a0ilk ayetleriyle ilahi daveti ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve\u00a0M\u00fcddessir suresinin\u00a0ilk ayetleri ile bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 devam etmi\u015ftir.[22]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      Hz. Muhammed Mustafa (s.a.a)\u00a0bi\u2019setine yak\u0131n y\u0131llarda insanlardan uzak durmakta ve tek bir Allah\u2019a ibadet etmekteydi. Y\u0131lda bir ay boyunca\u00a0Nur da\u011f\u0131\u00a0\u0131nda m\u00fcnzevi olur ve orada bulunan Hira Ma\u011faras\u0131’nda ibadetle me\u015fgul olurdu. Bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda onun yan\u0131na giden her ihtiya\u00e7 sahibine yemek verirdi. \u0130badetle ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi ay bittikten sonra\u00a0Mekke\u2019ye d\u00f6nerdi. Yine Hira\u2019da inzivaya \u00e7ekilip ibadetle ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi g\u00fcnlerden bir g\u00fcn\u00a0peygamberlikle\u00a0g\u00f6revlendirildi. Hz. Muhammed (s.a.a) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: “Cebrail benim yan\u0131ma gelerek \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: Oku. Dedim ki: Ben okuma bilmem. Yine oku! dedi. Dedim ki: ne okuyay\u0131m? Dedi ki: \u201c\u0130kra bismi rabbikellezi halek\u201d (Yaratan Rabbinin ad\u0131yla oku)”. Nitekim bilindi\u011fi gibi peygamberlikle \u015fereflendirildi\u011finde k\u0131rk ya\u015f\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

      Allah\u00a0Resul-\u00fc (s.a.a) kendisine nazil olan Alak Suresinin ilk ayetlerinin telakkisi ve peygamberlikle \u015fereflenmesinin ard\u0131ndan, mabedinden ayr\u0131larak Mekke\u2019ye geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc. O geceye kadar ba\u015f\u0131na gelmemi\u015f b\u00f6yle bir durumun ard\u0131ndan, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce kendi evine d\u00f6nmesi gayet do\u011fald\u0131. O s\u0131rada evde \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015fi bulunmaktayd\u0131: De\u011ferli e\u015fi Hz. Hatice, amcas\u0131 o\u011flu Hz. Ali b.\u00a0Ebu Talip\u00a0ve Zeyd b. Harise. Hz. Peygamber (s.a.a)\u00a0tevhide\u00a0ilk davetini kendi ailesinden ba\u015flatt\u0131 ve ona ilk iman eden ki\u015fi e\u015fi Hatice ve erkeklerden o s\u0131ralar bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlendi\u011fi amcas\u0131 o\u011flu\u00a0Hz. Ali\u00a0b. Ebu Talib (a.s) oldu.[23]<\/sup>
      \nCebrail\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan Hz. Peygamer-i Ekrem\u2019e (s.a.a) ilk kez vahiy nazil oldu\u011funda bunun bir heybet ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi nakledilmi\u015f, (Peygamber Efendimiz (s.a.a) evine d\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde e\u015fi Hz. Hatice\u2019ye (s.a): \u201cBeni \u00f6rt<\/b>\u201d demi\u015ftir) ancak \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k ve belirsizlik nakledilmemi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Efendimize\u00a0vahiy\u00a0nazil olmadan \u00f6nce ruhi olarak buna tam anlam\u0131yla haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131, gayb alemi ve vahiy mele\u011fi ile zaten irtibat halindeydi. Vahiy mele\u011fini daha \u00f6nceden g\u00f6rmese de onun izlerini g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Hira Ma\u011faras\u0131’nda ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi uzlet s\u0131ras\u0131nda buna tam anlam\u0131yla adapte olmu\u015ftu. Gayb alemiyle ilgili g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc r\u00fcyalar, bi\u2019setten \u00f6nce vahiy mele\u011finin sesini duymas\u0131,\u00a0\u0130srafil\u00a0(mele\u011fi) ile 3 y\u0131l ve Cebrail ile 20 y\u0131ll\u0131k irtibat\u0131n\u0131n hepsi[24]<\/sup>\u00a0Hz. Peygamber Efendimizin (s.a.a) insanlar\u0131n hidayeti i\u00e7in peygamberlikle g\u00f6revlendirilmesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan haz\u0131rl\u0131klar idi.<\/p>\n

      T\u00fcm bunlar, Peygamber efendimizin (s.a.a) vahiy atmosferine ve vahiy mele\u011fiyle ili\u015fkisinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na; yine vahiy s\u0131ras\u0131nda korktu\u011fu, \u015fa\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan\u00a0Hz. Hatice\u00a0ve Varaka b. Nevfel ile isti\u015fare ederek, onlar\u0131n onay\u0131 ile peygamberli\u011fe se\u00e7ildi\u011fini anlamas\u0131 ile rahatlay\u0131p, bu korkular\u0131ndan kurtuldu\u011fu gibi nakiller, daha \u00f6nce belirtilen \u00f6zellikler ile \u00e7eli\u015fmektedir.[25]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      Hz. Muhammed\u2019in (s.a.a) peygamberli\u011fe se\u00e7ildikten sonra \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l boyunca davetinin gizli yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ancak baz\u0131lar\u0131, Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim ayetlerinin n\u00fczul s\u0131ras\u0131na g\u00f6re, bi\u2019setinden k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra umumi davete ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdir. Hz. Peygamber (s.a.a) ilk \u00f6nce insanlar\u0131 putlara tapmaktan sak\u0131nd\u0131rmakta ve tek Allah\u2019a tapmalar\u0131n\u0131 istemekteydi. Nitekim bilinene g\u00f6re, bi\u2019setin \u00fczerinden \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l ge\u00e7tikten sonra Allah-u Te\u00e2l\u00e2, insanlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a\u00a0tevhide\u00a0davet etmesi i\u00e7in onu g\u00f6revlendirdi.<\/p>\n

      \u0130bn-i \u0130shak\u2019\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, bu\u00a0ayet\u00a0nazil olunca Hz. Peygamber (s.a.a), Hz. Ali\u2019yi (a.s) \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rarak \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: “Ey Ali! Allah bana yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131m\u0131 O’na tap\u0131nmaya davet etmemi emretti. Bir koyun kes ve bir miktar ekmek ve s\u00fct haz\u0131rla. Hz. Ali (a.s) denilenleri aynen yerine getirdi. O g\u00fcn Abdulmuttalib o\u011fullar\u0131ndan 40 ki\u015fi veya 40\u2019a yak\u0131n ki\u015fi bir araya gelerek o yemekten yediler. Hz. Peygamber (s.a.a) tam konu\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u015flamak isterken, Ebu Lehep “O sizi b\u00fcy\u00fcledi” dedi. Bunun \u00fczerine meclis kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Allah Resul-\u00fc bir g\u00fcn sonra yine onlar\u0131 davet etti ve \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: “Ey Abdulmuttalib o\u011fullar\u0131! Araplar\u0131n kendi kavimlerine, benim size getirdi\u011fimden daha \u00fcst\u00fcn bir \u015fey getirdiklerini sanm\u0131yorum. Ben, d\u00fcnya ve\u00a0ahireti\u00a0size getirdim”. Taberi \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: “Allah Resul-\u00fc (s.a.a) akrabalar\u0131na davetini ula\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra, \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: Sizlerden hanginiz bu konuda bana yard\u0131m edecek? Her kim bana bu yolda yard\u0131m ederse, aran\u0131zda benim karde\u015fim, vasim ve halifem olacakt\u0131r. Herkes sessiz kald\u0131.\u00a0Hz. Ali\u00a0(a.s) kalkarak \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: Ey Allah\u2019\u0131n Resul-\u00fc! O ki\u015fi benim. Hz. Peygamber (s.a.a) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: O, sizin aran\u0131zda benim vasim ve halifemdir; onun s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc dinleyin ve ona itaat edin.” Bu rivayeti ba\u015fka tarih\u00e7i ve siyer yazarlar\u0131 da nakletmi\u015ftir ve me\u015fhur hadislerdendir. Zamanla M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 artmaya ba\u015flay\u0131nca Kurey\u015f\u2019in ileri gelenleri tedirgin olmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

      <\/span>\u0130slam K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde Bi\u2019setin Yeri<\/span><\/h2>\n

      Bi\u2019setin\u00a0\u0130slam\u00a0k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde \u00e7ok \u00f6zel bir yeri vard\u0131r. Bi\u2019set, ger\u00e7ekte \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n ba\u015flama noktas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk y\u0131llar\u0131nda \u00e7ok zor ko\u015fullarda az say\u0131da destek\u00e7iyle insanlar\u0131n hidayeti i\u00e7in ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u0130slam dini, daha sonralar\u0131 t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7ok say\u0131da g\u00f6n\u00fclleri kendisine ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      Bi\u2019set g\u00fcn\u00fc, t\u00fcm \u0130slam f\u0131rkalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir bayramd\u0131r ve \u0130slam topraklar\u0131nda kendine has \u00f6rf ve adetlerine g\u00f6re b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fenliklerle kutlanmaktad\u0131r.[26]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      <\/span>Kaynak\u00e7a<\/span><\/h2>\n
      \n
      \n
      \n
        \n
      1. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Mustafavi, c. 1, s. 296.<\/span><\/li>\n
      2. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Ferahidi, c. 2, s. 112.<\/span><\/li>\n
      3. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Ra\u011f\u0131b, c. 1, s. 132.<\/span><\/li>\n
      4. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Humayi, Mebhes Bi\u2019set-i Resul-\u00fc Ekrem (s.a.a), s. 43.<\/span><\/li>\n
      5. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Tehanevi, c. 1, s. 340.<\/span><\/li>\n
      6. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Humayi, Meb’es, Bi\u2019set-i Resul-\u00fc Ekrem (s.a.a), s. 44.<\/span><\/li>\n
      7. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Yasin, 52, Bakara, 56, Hac, 7; Bkz. Ra\u011f\u0131b \u0130sfahani, H\u00fcseyin, el-M\u00fcfredat fi Garibi\u2019l Kur\u2019an, s. 52,53.<\/span><\/li>\n
      8. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Bakara, 213, Nahl, 36, \u0130sra, 17.<\/span><\/li>\n
      9. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Al-i \u0130mran, 164.<\/span><\/li>\n
      10. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Tevbe, 128, Cuma, 2.<\/span><\/li>\n
      11. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Kerim, Al-i \u0130mran, 164.<\/span><\/li>\n
      12. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0\u0130sra, 94, 17; Furkan, 25, 41.<\/span><\/li>\n
      13. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Ahzab, 21, 23; M\u00fcmtehine, 6, 60.<\/span><\/li>\n
      14. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0\u0130sra, 17, 95.<\/span><\/li>\n
      15. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0\u015eehid-i, Bi\u2019set Name: Hz. Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.a) bi\u2019seti hakk\u0131nda makaleler, s. 300.<\/span><\/li>\n
      16. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0\u015eehid-i, Bi\u2019set Name: Hz. Resulullah\u2019\u0131n bi\u2019seti hakk\u0131nda makaleler, s. 301.<\/span><\/li>\n
      17. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0\u015eehid-i, Bi\u2019set Name: Hz. Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.a) bi\u2019seti hakk\u0131nda makaleler, s. 301.<\/span><\/li>\n
      18. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Ramyar, Tarih-i Kur\u2019an, s. 37.<\/span><\/li>\n
      19. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Nehc\u00fc\u2019l Bela\u011fa, Ayeti’nin Terc\u00fcmesi, hutbe, 26, s. 79- 81.<\/span><\/li>\n
      20. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Yakubi, Ahmet, Tarih, c. 2, s. 15; \u0130bn-i Esir, el-Kamil, c. 2, s. 46; \u0130bn-i Kesir, es-Siyretu\u2019n Nebeviyye, c. 1, s. 385.<\/span><\/li>\n
      21. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0\u0130bn-i Hi\u015fam, Abdulmelik, es-Siyretu\u2019n Nebeviyye, c. 1, s. 240; Yakubi, Ahmed, Tarih, c. 2, s. 15; Taberi, Tarih, c. 2, s. 293.<\/span><\/li>\n
      22. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0\u0130bn-i Hi\u015fam, Abdulmelik, es-Siyretu\u2019n Nebeviyye, c. 1, s. 236-237; Yakubi, Ahmed, Tarih, c. 2, s. 16; Taberi, Tarih, c. 2, s. 298.<\/span><\/li>\n
      23. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Yakubi, Ahmed, Tarih, c. 2, s. 17, 18.<\/span><\/li>\n
      24. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Yakubi, Ahmed, Tarih, c. 2, s. 16; \u0130bn-i Esir, el-Kamil, c. 2, s. 46, 50.<\/span><\/li>\n
      25. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0\u0130bn-i Hi\u015fam, Abdulmelik, es-Siyretu\u2019n Nebeviyye, c. 1, s. 238; Yakubi, Ahmed, Tarih, c. 2, s. 17; Taberi, Tarih, c. 2, s. 299.<\/span><\/li>\n
      26. \u2191<\/span>\u00a0Muti, Bi\u2019set, s. 280.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
        \n
        <\/div>\n<\/div>\n

        Bibliyografi<\/span><\/h2>\n
        \n