![\"\"](\"http:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/imamhasan-martyr-en-300x156.jpg\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Hasan bin Ali bin Ebu Talip (Arap\u00e7a: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0623\ufe91\ufef2 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628; Hasan ibn `Ali ibn Abi \u1e6calib) (Hicri 3, Medine\/Hicri 50, Medine) Hz. Ali ve Hz. Fat\u0131ma\u2019n\u0131n (s.a) b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu, Hz. Muhammed’in (s.a.a.) ilk erkek torunu, on iki imam’\u0131n ikincisi ve Ehlibeyt’ten olan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc masumdur. K\u00fcnyesi Ebu Muhammed\u2019dir. Hz. Peygamber (s.a.a) efendimiz kendisini Seyyid (Efendi) olarak adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn yedi y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 dedesi Hz. Resulullah\u2019la (s.a.a) birlikte ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. \u015eii ve S\u00fcnni kaynaklarda \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (a.s) Hz. Resul\u00fc Kibriya efendimizin yan\u0131ndaki \u015fan ve konumunu ortaya koyan bir\u00e7ok hadis yer almaktad\u0131r. Hz. Peygamber efendimiz bir hadiste \u0130mam Hasan ve \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin (a.s) hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmaktad\u0131r: \u201cHasan ve H\u00fcseyin (a.s) cennet gen\u00e7lerinin efendisidir.\u201d \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) 37 ya\u015f\u0131nda iken imamet ve hilafet makam\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcmet d\u00f6nemi alt\u0131 ay \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Hicretin 41. Y\u0131l\u0131nda Muaviye ile sulh yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcmet d\u00f6nemi alt\u0131 ay \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra, Medine\u2019ye gitmi\u015f ve orada on y\u0131ll\u0131k ikametin ard\u0131ndan \u015fehit olmu\u015ftur.[1]Medine\u2019de Baki Mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda defnedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) \u0130mamet ve Hilafet gibi iki a\u011f\u0131r sorumluluk ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda birli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve ayr\u0131l\u0131klara mani olma konusunda \u00f6nemli bir rol \u00fcstlenmi\u015f ve sonunda Muaviye ile sulh yapmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu, \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (a.s) sa\u011flam karakterini ve ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn genel tasvirini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Hilafet d\u00f6nemi ve Muaviye ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131 hayat\u0131ndaki ve sadr\u0131 \u0130slam\u2019daki en \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmelerdendir. Bu, hem kendi zaman\u0131nda ittihat sebebi olmu\u015f ve hem de ba\u015fta \u015eialar olmak \u00fczere M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n tarihi boyunca dini-ahlaki \u00f6\u011fretileri mesabesinde olmu\u015f ve iktidar, sava\u015f ve sulh gibi esasl\u0131 kavramlar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda dramatik etkileri beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir.[2]
\nNesep, K\u00fcnye ve Lakaplar\u0131<\/p>\n
Hz. Hasan b. Ali b. Ebu Talip (a.s), \u015eialar\u0131n ikinci imam\u0131 ve \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin (a.s) b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011fludur. \u0130mam Hasan diye me\u015fhur olmu\u015f, Kurey\u015fi ve Ha\u015fimi\u2019dir. Annesi Peygamber k\u0131z\u0131 Hz. Fat\u0131ma\u2019d\u0131r.[3] K\u00fcnyesi Ebu Muhammed\u2019dir. En me\u015fhur lakab\u0131 \u201cTaki\u201ddir, ancak ba\u015fka lakaplar\u0131 da vard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin: Tayyip, Zeki, Seyyid, Sebt gibi, Peygamber efendimiz kendisini Seyyid (Efendi) olarak adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[4]
\nDo\u011fumu ve \u015eehadeti<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) Hicretin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u0131l\u0131nda Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda gece yahut g\u00fcnd\u00fcz Medine\u2019de d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015ftir.[5] Elbette \u015eeyh Kuleyni, K\u00e2fi kitab\u0131nda bir rivayet naklederek do\u011fumunu hicretin ikinci y\u0131l\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[6] Kendisi Hicretin 50. Y\u0131l\u0131nda Safer ay\u0131nda 48 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken \u015fehit olmu\u015ftur.[7] Tabersi, \u015fehadetini 28 safer olarak belirtmi\u015ftir.[8]
\n\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n
Takva, ilah\u00ee r\u0131zan\u0131n nihayeti, her t\u00f6vbenin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131, her hikmetin ba\u015f\u0131 ve her i\u015fin \u015ferefidir.
\n\u201c
\n\u201d
\n\u2014Tuhafu\u2019l Ukul, s. 232.
\nAd\u0131n\u0131n Konulmas\u0131<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (a.s) ad\u0131n\u0131n konulmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015flerdir: \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) d\u00fcnyaya geldi\u011finde, Allah, Cebrail\u2019e Muhammed\u2019in (s.a.a) bir evlad\u0131 (torunu) oldu. Onun yan\u0131na git ve selam\u0131m\u0131 ve tebriklerimi sunarak \u015f\u00f6yle de: Ku\u015fkusuz Ali\u2019nin (a.s) Sana olan konum ve menzili, Harun\u2019un Musa\u2019ya olan menzil ve konumu gibidir; \u00f6yleyse ona (\u0130mam Hasan\u2019a) Harun\u2019un \u00e7ocu\u011funa koydu\u011fu ad\u0131 koy. Cebrail, Allah taraf\u0131ndan Hz. Resul\u00fc Kibriya\u2019n\u0131n (s.a.a) yan\u0131na gelerek tebriklerini sunduktan sonra \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: Allah, onun ad\u0131n\u0131 Harun\u2019un \u00e7ocu\u011funun ad\u0131n\u0131 koymakla g\u00f6revlendirdi. Hz. Resulullah (s.a.a): Harun\u2019un \u00e7ocu\u011funun ad\u0131 nedir? diye sordu. Arz etti ki: \u015eubber. Buyurdu ki: Benim dilim Arap\u00e7ad\u0131r? Arz etti ki: Onun ad\u0131n\u0131 \u201cHasan\u201d koy. B\u00f6ylelikle Hz. Resul\u00fc Ekrem (s.a.a) onun ad\u0131n\u0131 Hasan koydu.[9]
\nE\u015fleri ve \u00c7ocuklar\u0131<\/p>\n
Ana Madde: \u0130mam Hasan’\u0131n E\u015fleri<\/p>\n
Kaynaklar, \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (a.s) evlilik ve talaklar\u0131na i\u015faret etmi\u015ftir, ancak say\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ihtilaf vard\u0131r; farkl\u0131 rivayetlere g\u00f6re, bunun kabul veya reddedilmesi ne m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr ve ne de hadisenin tarihi de\u011ferini azalt\u0131p \u00e7o\u011faltmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ger\u00e7ekte \u00f6yle anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ki bu konunun tasarlanmas\u0131 daha \u00e7ok f\u0131rkasal ve politik kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131klardan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Ger\u00e7i bir \u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 ve \u00e2lim, bu rivayetlerin ele\u015ftirisinde onlar\u0131n senet ve i\u00e7erik olarak hatalar\u0131na i\u015faret etmi\u015flerdir.[10] \u00d6zellikle kaynaklarda sunulan haberlerin olduk\u00e7a belirsiz ve m\u00fcphem oldu\u011funu ve hatta \u0130mam\u0131n e\u015flerinin adlar\u0131n\u0131n zikredilmemi\u015f oldu\u011funu kabul etmek durumunday\u0131z. Bu meyanda yaln\u0131zca t\u0131pk\u0131 rivayetlere g\u00f6re \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (a.s) zehirlenme zeminesini olu\u015fturan E\u015f\u2019es b. Kays\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Cu\u2019de\u2019nin ad\u0131 an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Malumdur ki e\u015flerin adlar\u0131n\u0131n belirsiz olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, genel olarak kaynaklarda \u0130mam\u0131n (a.s) \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda nispi olarak uyum ve aheng vard\u0131r. \u0130mam Hasan’\u0131n (a.s) bir \u00e7ok tarihi kaynakta belirtilen e\u015flerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
E\u015f’as bin Kays’\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Cu’de
\nManzur b. Zebban Fezari\u2019nin k\u0131z\u0131 Havle
\nUkbe b. Amr Hazreci\u2019nin k\u0131z\u0131 \u00dcmm\u00fc Be\u015fir
\nTalha b. Ubeydullah Temimi\u2019nin k\u0131z\u0131 \u00dcmm\u00fc \u0130shak
\nEbu Bekir\u2019in torunu Hafsa
\nAmr b. Suheyl\u2019in k\u0131z\u0131 Hind.
\nNefliye veya Ramle (k\u00f6le).[11]<\/p>\n
\u00c7ocuklar\u0131<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (a.s), k\u0131z ve o\u011flan olmak \u00fczere 15 (8 erkek, 7 k\u0131z\u0131) \u00e7ocu\u011fu olmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n
Zeyd ve iki k\u0131z karde\u015fi \u00dcmm\u00fc\u2019l Hasan ve \u00dcmm\u00fc\u2019l H\u00fcseyin. Bu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn anneleri Ebu Mesud Ukbe b. Amr\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 \u00dcmm\u00fc Be\u015fir\u2019dir.
\nHasan b. Hasan. Annesi, Manzur Fezari\u2019nin k\u0131z\u0131 Havle\u2019dir.
\nAmr, Kas\u0131m ve Abdullah. Anneleri, cariye idi.
\nAbdurrahman. Annesi, cariye idi.
\n\u0130srim lakab\u0131yla bilinen H\u00fcseyin. Erkek karde\u015fi Talha ve k\u0131z karde\u015fi Fat\u0131ma. Anneleri, Talha b. Ubeydullah Temimi\u2019nin k\u0131z\u0131 \u00dcmm\u00fc \u0130shak\u2019t\u0131r.
\n\u00dcmm\u00fc Abdullah, Fat\u0131ma, \u00dcmm\u00fc Selme ve Rukayye. Farkl\u0131 annelerden d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015flerdir.[12]<\/p>\n
Allame Meclisi, \u0130mam Hasan’\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na Ebu Bekir adl\u0131 birini de eklemi\u015ftir.[13] \u015eeyh Tabersi, \u0130mam Hasan’\u0131n 9 erkek 7 k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.[14] \u0130bn Cevzi, \u0130bn Hi\u015fam ve Vak\u0131di, \u0130mam Hasan’\u0131n 15 erkek ve 8 k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[15]
\n\u0130mam Hasan’\u0131n (a.s) \u00dcmm\u00fc’l-H\u00fcseyin Abdullah bin Z\u00fcbeyr, \u00dcmm\u00fc Abdullah \u0130mam Seccad (a.s) ve \u00dcmm\u00fc Seleme Amr bin Munzirin ile evlenmi\u015ftir.[16]
\n[g\u00f6ster]Beni Ha\u015fim’in \u015eecerenamesi
\n[g\u00f6ster]Hz. Resul\u00fc Ekrem’in (s.a.a) Hanedan\u0131
\n\u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n Soyu<\/p>\n
Ana Madde: Hasani Seyyitler<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan Mucteba\u2019n\u0131n (a.s): Hasan M\u00fcsenna, Zeyd, \u00d6mer ve H\u00fcseyin Esrem adl\u0131 d\u00f6rt o\u011flu vard\u0131. H\u00fcseyin Esrem ve \u00d6mer\u2019in soyu k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda yok olmu\u015f, ancak Hasan M\u00fcsenna ve Zeyd bin Hasan\u2019\u0131n soyu devam etmi\u015ftir.[17] B\u00f6ylelikle \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n soyu bu iki o\u011flu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n soyundan gelen seyyitlere Hasani Seyyitler denir.[18] Bu hanedan tarih boyunca siyasi ve sosyal bir \u00e7ok hareketlere kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130kinci ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u00fczy\u0131lda zalim y\u00f6netimlere kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131yamlar yapm\u0131\u015f ve \u0130slam \u00fclkelerinin \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde \u00e7e\u015fitli h\u00fck\u00fcmetler kurmu\u015flard\u0131r. Onlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Seyyitlerin bu silsilesi baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde \u201c\u015ferif\/e\u015fref\u201d olarak bilinmektedirler. Tabatabai, M\u00fcderris, Hekim, \u015eeceriyan ve G\u00fclistane hanedanlar\u0131, Hasani seyyitlerin feri dallar\u0131ndand\u0131r.
\n\u0130mamet \u00d6ncesi
\nHz. Resulullah\u2019\u0131n D\u00f6nemi<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan (aleyhi selam) \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn yedi y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131 dedesi Hz. Resulullah\u2019la birlikte ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir.[19] Yine Hz. Hasan, Hz. Resul\u00fc Ekrem\u2019in mahzar\u0131nda yedi y\u0131l ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hicret d\u00f6nemindeki bir \u00e7ok hadiseye de \u015fahitlik etmi\u015ftir. M\u00fcbahele olay\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015f, Hadis-i Kisa ve Tathir ayeti gibi bir \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmelerde bulunmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcm bunlar, \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n ismet s\u0131fat\u0131na sahip oldu\u011funun delillerindendir. Bunlara ilave olarak karde\u015fi \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin ile birlikte Biati R\u0131dvan\u2019da bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r. Yine imam Hasan, karde\u015fi \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019le birlikte dedeleri hayata g\u00f6zlerini yumdu\u011funda yan\u0131nda haz\u0131r bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.[20]
\n\u015eii ve S\u00fcnni kaynaklarda \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n Hz. Resul\u00fc Kibriya Efendimizin yan\u0131ndaki \u015fan ve konumunu ortaya koyan bir \u00e7ok hadis yer almaktad\u0131r. Berra \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: Hasan b. Ali, Peygamberin omuzunda oldu\u011fu s\u0131rada Peygamberin \u015f\u00f6yle dedi\u011fini duydum: Allah\u2019\u0131m! Ben bunu seviyorum, sen de sev.[21] Ba\u015fka bir hadiste Hz. Peygamber efendimiz (s.a.a) Hz. Hasan ve Hz. H\u00fcseyin\u2019i (a.s) ayaklar\u0131 \u00fczerine oturttu\u011fu esnada \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: Bu ikisi benim ve k\u0131z\u0131m\u0131n o\u011fullar\u0131d\u0131r, Allah\u2019\u0131m! Ben bunlar\u0131 seviyorum, \u00f6yleyse Sende bunlar\u0131 sev ve onlar\u0131 seveni de sev.[22]<\/p>\n
Hz. Peygamber Efendimiz ba\u015fka bir hadiste \u0130mam Hasan ve \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin (a.s) hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmaktad\u0131r: \u201cHasan ve H\u00fcseyin cennet gen\u00e7lerinin efendisidir.\u201d[23] , \u201cBu iki o\u011flum, benim d\u00fcnyadaki iki g\u00fczel kokulu g\u00fcl\u00fcmd\u00fcrler.\u201d[24] , \u201c Hasan ve H\u00fcseyin (yahut bu iki evlad\u0131m)[25] \u0130mamd\u0131rlar, ister k\u0131yam etsinler ve isterse sulh etsinler.\u201d[26] , \u201cE\u011fer ak\u0131l bir adamda m\u00fccessem olmu\u015f olsayd\u0131, ger\u00e7ekten Hasan olurdu.\u201d[27]
\n\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n
\u201cD\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f sahibi insan i\u00e7in ya\u015fam ve hikmet kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n anahtar\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d
\n\u201c
\n\u201d
\n\u2014M\u00fcsned-i \u0130mam M\u00fccteba, s. 718.
\nHalifeler D\u00f6nemi<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan’\u0131n (a.s) ilk \u00fc\u00e7 halifeye y\u00f6nelik itirazlar\u0131n\u0131 nakletmi\u015flerdir. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00fcnl\u00fc Ehlis\u00fcnnet alimlerinden Suyuti “Tarihu’l-H\u00fclefa” kitab\u0131nda \u015fu olay\u0131 nakletmi\u015ftir: “\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) \u00e7ocukken bir g\u00fcn Ebu Bekir minberde konu\u015fma yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada onun yan\u0131na geldi. \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) Ebu Bekir\u2019e itirazda bulunarak \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: Babam\u0131n minberinden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 in. Ebu Bekir cevap olarak \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: Allah\u2019a andolsun ki do\u011fru s\u00f6yledin. Bu minber benim babam\u0131n de\u011fil, senin baban\u0131n yeridir.[28]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan ve \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin (a.s) \u0130ran’\u0131n fethiyle sonu\u00e7lanan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u0130ran\u2019la yapt\u0131klar\u0131 sava\u015flara kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.[29] Elbette baz\u0131 tarihi rivayetlerde \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (a.s) baz\u0131 sava\u015flara kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair s\u00f6zler s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir.[30]<\/p>\n
Osman\u2019\u0131n halifeli\u011fi ile sonu\u00e7lanan \u015furan\u0131n te\u015fkil edilmesi ve \u00d6mer\u2019den sonraki halifeli\u011fin belirlenmesinde \u00d6mer\u2019in \u0130mam Hasan\u2019dan (a.s) alt\u0131 ki\u015filik \u015furada \u015fahit unvan\u0131 ile yer almas\u0131n\u0131 istemesi, Onun y\u00fcksek makam\u0131na i\u015faret etmekte; \u00f6te yandan Peygamber Ehlibeytinin toplumdaki yerini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca onun Ensar ve Muhacirler nezdindeki konumunu da g\u00fczel bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermektedir.[31]<\/p>\n
Halife Osman, Hz. Ebu Zer\u2019i Rebeze \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcne s\u00fcrg\u00fcn etmek istedi\u011fi zaman kimsenin ona refakat etmemesi ve onunla konu\u015fmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in emirde bulundu ve Mervan b. Hakem\u2019in onu Medine\u2019den d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131n\u0131 emretti. Ebu Zer (r.a), Medine\u2019den d\u0131\u015far\u0131 at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hi\u00e7 kimse d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kma ve ona e\u015flik etme c\u00fcretini g\u00f6stermedi, yaln\u0131zca Hz. Ali (a.s), karde\u015fi Akil, Hz. Hasan, Hz. H\u00fcseyin (a.s) ve Ammar b. Yasir ona e\u015flik etmek i\u00e7in onun yan\u0131nda haz\u0131r olmu\u015f ve onu u\u011furlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.[32]<\/p>\n
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Halifeye kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lan kitlesel halk isyanlar\u0131nda, baz\u0131 tarihi rivayetlerin kaydetti\u011fine g\u00f6re \u0130mam Ali (a.s) \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n h\u0131fz\u0131 i\u00e7in Osman\u2019\u0131n korunmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye sahipti. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla k\u0131zg\u0131n isyanc\u0131lar\u0131n onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrmesine mani olmak i\u00e7in onu koruma alt\u0131na ald\u0131. Bu sebepten dolay\u0131 gen\u00e7 o\u011fullar\u0131 Hz. Hasan ve Hz. H\u00fcseyin\u2019i (a.s) halifenin evine g\u00f6ndererek onu koruma alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Elbette isyanc\u0131lar\u0131 durdurmak o kadar kolay de\u011fildi. En sonunda bu isyanlar Osman\u2019\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcyle sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilinmesi gerekir ki bu konu hakk\u0131nda rivayi kaynaklarda ihtilaflar s\u00f6z konusudur.[33]
\nHz. Ali\u2019nin \u0130mameti D\u00f6nemi<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) ve \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin (a.s), babalar\u0131 \u0130mam Ali (a.s) ile birlikte Cemel, S\u0131ffin ve Nehrevan sava\u015flar\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.[34]
\nCemel Sava\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n
Ana Madde: Cemel Sava\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n
Kufe Valisi Ebu Musa E\u015f\u2019eri\u2019nin, \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin (a.s) g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi el\u00e7ilerle birlikte biatini bozanlara (Cemel Sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlayanlara) kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015f birli\u011fi yapmaya yana\u015fmamas\u0131 \u00fczerine, \u0130mam Ali (a.s) o\u011flu \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131 (a.s) Ammar b. Yasir\u2019le birlikte bir mektupla Kufe\u2019ye g\u00f6nderdi. \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) Kufe mescidinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fma ile 10 bin ki\u015fiyi biatini bozanlara kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f meydan\u0131na d\u00f6kmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[35]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) Cemel Sava\u015f\u0131ndan \u00f6nce bir konu\u015fma yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[36] M\u00fcminlerin Emiri Hz. Ali (a.s) onu bu sava\u015fta ordunun sa\u011f taraf\u0131yla g\u00f6revlendirmi\u015ftir.[37] Baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin (a.s) bu sava\u015fta (a.s), Muhammed Hanefiyye\u2019ye \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu\u011funu nakletmi\u015flerdir: Bu m\u0131zra\u011f\u0131 al ve Devenin (Ay\u015fe\u2019nin devesi kast edilmektedir. Bu sava\u015fta \u00e7ok say\u0131da M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bu deveye kar\u015f\u0131 \u015fehit olmu\u015ftur.) ayak sinir damalar\u0131n\u0131 kes. Muhammed Hanefiyye ok\u00e7ular\u0131n \u015fiddetli sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sonra \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) m\u0131zra\u011f\u0131 alarak devenin ayak sinir damarlar\u0131n\u0131 keserek bu sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.[38]
\nS\u0131ffin Sava\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n
Ana Madde: S\u0131ffin Sava\u015f\u0131<\/p>\n
S\u0131ffin Sava\u015f\u0131nda \u0130mam Ali (a.s) b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu \u0130mam Hasan’\u0131n (a.s) cesaretle sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve durmadan d\u00fc\u015fmana sald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce onun ve karde\u015fi \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in (a.s) canlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri i\u00e7in emir verdi. \u0130mam Ali (a.s) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: \u201cO\u011fullar\u0131m\u0131 sava\u015ftan geri \u00e7ekin, onlar\u0131n canlar\u0131n\u0131n tehlikeye d\u00fc\u015fmesinden ve Resulullah\u2019\u0131n (s.a.a) neslinin sona ermesinden korkuyorum.\u201d[39] Sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda Muaviye, \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (a.s) yi\u011fit\u00e7e sava\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce onu sava\u015f meydan\u0131ndan \u00e7ekmek i\u00e7in Ubeydullah b. \u00d6mer\u2019i \u2013\u0130kinci halifenin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck o\u011flunu- sava\u015f meydan\u0131na g\u00f6nderdi. Ubeydullah, onu hilafet vaadiyle sava\u015ftan geri \u00e7ekmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ubeydullah, \u0130mam Hasan M\u00fccteba\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) sava\u015fla me\u015fgul oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcnce, yan\u0131na yakla\u015farak \u201cseninle i\u015fim var\u201d dedi. \u0130mam Hasan, sava\u015ftan el \u00e7ekerek ona do\u011fru yakla\u015ft\u0131. Ubeydullah, Muaviye\u2019nin ona olan teklifini anlatt\u0131. \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) k\u0131zg\u0131n bir \u015fekilde: Bug\u00fcn veya yar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcr gibiyim, ancak \u015feytan seni aldatm\u0131\u015f ve bu i\u015fi sana g\u00fczel g\u00f6stermektedir. Bir g\u00fcn \u015eam kad\u0131nlar\u0131 cenazenin \u00fczerinde sana a\u011flayacaklard\u0131r. Yak\u0131nda Allah seni y\u00fcz \u00fcst\u00fc yere vuracak ve o \u015fekilde \u00f6leceksin. Ubeydullah, \u00e7ad\u0131rlar\u0131n oldu\u011fu yere geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Muaviye onun durumunu g\u00f6r\u00fcnce kendisi cevab\u0131n ne oldu\u011funu anlayarak \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: \u201cO, bu baban\u0131n o\u011fludur.\u201d[40]<\/p>\n
Hz. Ali (a.s) hakemlik olay\u0131ndan sonra ya\u015fanabilecek fitne ve ihtilaflar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, o\u011flu \u0130mam Hasan\u2019dan (a.s) konu\u015fma yapmas\u0131n\u0131 ve delil ve kan\u0131tlarla insanlara olaylar\u0131n i\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc anlatmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. \u0130mam Hasan\u2019da babas\u0131n\u0131n dedi\u011fi \u015fekilde yapt\u0131.[41]<\/p>\n
Nehc\u00fc\u2019l Belaga\u2019n\u0131n otuz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc mektubu, \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin (a.s) \u0130mam Hasan\u2019a (a.s) s\u00f6yledi\u011fi ahlak i\u00e7erikli me\u015fhur vasiyetidir. S\u0131ffin\u2019den d\u00f6nerken \u201cHazirin\u201d denen b\u00f6lgede bu vasiyetnameyi a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n\u00d6nceki
\n\u0130mam Ali (a.s) \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u015eialar\u0131n \u0130kinci \u0130mam\u0131
\n\u0130mam Hasan (a.s)
\nHicri Kameri 40 – 50 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Sonraki
\n\u0130mam H\u00fcseyin (a.s)
\n\u0130mamet<\/p>\n
M\u00fcminlerin Emiri Hz. Ali’nin (a.s) hicri 40 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n 21’inde \u015fehit olmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n hidayet ve imamet g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlendi. \u0130mam Hasan’\u0131n imameti 10 y\u0131l s\u00fcrd\u00fc.
\n\u0130mametinin Delilleri<\/p>\n
Hz. Resul\u00fc Kibriya Efendimizden (s.a.a) nakledilen \u015fu hadis: \u201c\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0639\u062f\u0627\/Bu iki o\u011flum (Hasan ve H\u00fcseyin), imamd\u0131rlar, ister k\u0131yam etsinler ve isterse etmesinler.\u201d[42] \u0130mam Hasan ve \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in (a.s) imametine delalet etmektedir.
\nEmir\u00fc’l-M\u00fc’minin (Ali b. Ebu Talib aleyhi sel\u00e2m) o\u011flu Hasan’a vasiyet etti ve vasiyetine Hz. H\u00fcseyin\u2019i ve Muhammed b. Hanefiyye’yi, di\u011fer b\u00fct\u00fcn o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131, \u015eia\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n ileri gelenlerini ve ailesini \u015fahit tuttu. Sonra Hz. Hasan\u2019a (a.s) kitab\u0131 ve silah\u0131 verdi. Ard\u0131ndan o\u011flu Hz. Hasan’a \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: \u201cEy O\u011fulcu\u011fum! Res\u00fblullah, bana imaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 sana vasiyet etmemi, kitaplar\u0131m\u0131 ve silah\u0131m\u0131 sana vermemi emretti. T\u0131pk\u0131 Res\u00fblullah’\u0131n bana imaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 vasiyet etmesi, kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 ve silah\u0131n\u0131 bana vermesi gibi. Ayr\u0131ca bana, senin de \u00f6lmek \u00fczere oldu\u011fun zaman bunlar\u0131 karde\u015fin H\u00fcseyin’e vermeni, emretmemi emretti.\u201d[43]
\nHz. Peygamber ve Ehlibeyt’in \u0130mam Hasan’\u0131n imametine olan icmas\u0131.[44]
\n\u0130smet ve efdal olmak imametin \u015fartlar\u0131ndand\u0131r. \u0130mam Hasan’\u0131n d\u00f6neminde bu \u00f6zelliklere yaln\u0131zca o sahipti.[45]<\/p>\n
Hilafetten Sulha Kadar
\n\u0130mamet D\u00f6nemi<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Ali\u2019nin (a.s), Hicretin 40\u2019\u0131nc\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n 21\u2019inde Cuma g\u00fcn\u00fc, \u0130bn M\u00fclcem Muradi\u2019nin eliyle \u015fehit olmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan \u0130mam Hasan M\u00fccteba (a.s), M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n k\u0131lavuzluk ve imamet sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlendi. Kufe halk\u0131 grup grup ona biat ettiler. Kendisi valilerini belirledi ve Abdullah b. Abbas\u2019\u0131 Basra valisi olarak atad\u0131.[46]
\nMuaviye \u0130le Sava\u015f\u0131
\n\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n
\u201cAllah\u2019a andolsun ki, bizi \u015eaml\u0131larla sava\u015fmaktan al\u0131koyan ne \u015f\u00fcphedir, ne de pi\u015fmanl\u0131k. Biz (ge\u00e7mi\u015fte), \u015eaml\u0131larla salim bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve istikrarla sava\u015f\u0131yorduk. Fakat bu g\u00fcn aram\u0131zdaki selametin yerini d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k, kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yerini ise tahamm\u00fcls\u00fczl\u00fck alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Siz (Kufeliler) S\u0131ffin sava\u015f\u0131na gitti\u011finizde dininizi d\u00fcnyan\u0131za \u00f6ncelikli k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, bug\u00fcn ise d\u00fcnyan\u0131z\u0131 dininize \u00f6ncelikli k\u0131lm\u0131\u015fs\u0131n\u0131z.\u201d
\n\u201c
\n\u201d
\n\u2014Tuhafu\u2019l Ukul, s. 234.<\/p>\n
Muaviye, \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin (a.s) \u015fehit oldu\u011funu duyunca ve halk\u0131n o\u011flu \u0130mam Hasan\u2019a (a.s) biat etti\u011fini anlay\u0131nca, insanlar\u0131 \u0130mam Hasan\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtmak ve tahrik etmek i\u00e7in Kufe ve Basra\u2019ya iki casus g\u00f6nderdi. \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) her ikisinin de tutuklanarak gerekli cezaya \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131 emrini verdi. \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) ile Muaviye aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 mektupla\u015fmalar ya\u015fand\u0131. Bu mektuplarda \u0130mam Hasan (a.s), halifeli\u011fe m\u00fcstahak oldu\u011funu delillerle ispat etmi\u015ftir.[47]<\/p>\n
Muaviye, ordusunu haz\u0131rlamaya koyuldu. Memurlar\u0131na mektuplar g\u00f6ndererek Irak sava\u015f\u0131nda kendisine kat\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 istedi. Muaviye, Dahhak b. Kays Fahri\u2019yi kendi yerine atayarak, \u015fahsen ordu komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenerek Irak\u2019a do\u011fru ilerlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu sava\u015fta 60 bin yahut s\u00f6ylendi\u011fine g\u00f6re daha fazla say\u0131da asker Muaviye\u2019ye e\u015flik etmekteydi.[48]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) H\u00fccr b. Adiyy\u2019i b\u00f6lge emirlerinin halk\u0131 cihada davet etmesi i\u00e7in g\u00f6revlendirdi. Davet edilenler ilk \u00f6nce tembellik g\u00f6sterdiler, ancak sonunda yola koyuldular.[49] \u0130mam Hasan (a.s), Mu\u011fayre b. Nufel\u2019i Kufe\u2019de yerine atad\u0131ktan sonra Nahle\u2019ye do\u011fru yola koyuldu.[50] \u0130mam Hasan, Muaviye\u2019yi Irak\u2019tan uzak tutmak i\u00e7in Ubeydullah b. Abbas\u2019\u0131 12 bin ki\u015filik bir orduyla g\u00f6nderdi.[51] Ubeydullah b. Abbas, \u201cMesken\u201d denilen b\u00f6lgeye vard\u0131. Orada iki ordu kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya geldi. Muaviye\u2019nin emri ile Beser b. Urtat taraf\u0131ndan Yemen\u2019de iki o\u011flunu \u015fehit veren[52] Ubeydullah \u0130bn Abbas, \u0130mam Hasan\u2019a ihanet ederek gece yar\u0131s\u0131 Muaviye\u2019nin kararg\u00e2h\u0131na ka\u00e7t\u0131.[53]Ubeydullah\u2019\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u201cMesken\u201d kararg\u00e2h\u0131nda ordunun kalbinde \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc etkiler b\u0131rakt\u0131 ve k\u00f6t\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler ba\u015f g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Ve bu durum \u00e7ok ge\u00e7meden Medain\u2019de de g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131 ve yava\u015f yava\u015f \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r musibetlere neden oldu.[54]<\/p>\n
Muaviye, gizlice casuslar\u0131na emir vererek Irak ordusu aras\u0131nda Ubeydullah b. Abbas\u2019\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en Kays b. Sa\u2019d\u2019\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fayias\u0131n\u0131 yaymalar\u0131n\u0131 istedi. \u0130nsanlar bu haberi duyunca birbirlerinin mallar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u011fmalamaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar ve sonunda ya\u011fmalama olay\u0131 \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n kararg\u00e2h\u0131na da s\u0131\u00e7rad\u0131. \u0130\u015fi o kadar ileri g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler ki hatta \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde oturdu\u011fu kilimi ve omuzundaki ridas\u0131n\u0131 (\u015fal\u0131n\u0131) bile \u00e7ekip ald\u0131lar.[55] Muaviye, Mu\u011fayre b. \u015eu\u2019be, Abdullah b. Amir ve Abdurrahman b. Hakem\u2019i \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131na g\u00f6nderdi. Bu ki\u015filer, Medain\u2019de imam Hasan\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131ndan ayr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle demeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar: Allah, Resulullah\u2019\u0131n o\u011flu sayesinde kanlar\u0131n d\u00f6k\u00fclmesini \u00f6nledi, fitne ate\u015fini s\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc ve bar\u0131\u015f \u00f6nerisini kabul etti.\u201d Bu s\u00f6z\u00fc duyan halk \u0130mam Hasan\u2019a (a.s) sald\u0131rmaya ba\u015flad\u0131 ve orada ve \u00e7ad\u0131rlarda olan her \u015feyi ya\u011fmalad\u0131lar.[56]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (a.s) ordusunda ba\u015f g\u00f6steren geli\u015fmelerden dolay\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ac\u0131 ve musibetler bununla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmad\u0131, bilakis yoldan \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flar ve Havaric, \u0130mam\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in planlar kurdular. \u00dc\u00e7 kere \u0130mam Hasan\u2019a sald\u0131rd\u0131lar, ancak \u0130mam Hasan her \u00fc\u00e7 sald\u0131r\u0131da can\u0131n\u0131 kurtarmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131.[57]<\/p>\n
Halk\u0131n sava\u015flardan yorulup, b\u0131kmas\u0131, \u015eialar\u0131n\u0131n can\u0131n\u0131 korumak istemesi, halk\u0131n \u0130mam\u2019\u0131 himaye etmemesi, kan d\u00f6k\u00fclmesini \u00f6nlemek, dinin korunmas\u0131, Havaric tehlikesi ve ordunun d\u00fczensizli\u011fi gibi nedenler \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n sulh yapmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.
\n\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:
\n\u201cAkl\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131, halka iyi davranmakt\u0131r. D\u00fcnya ve Ahiretin her ikisi de ak\u0131lla elde edilir. Her kim akl\u0131ndan nasipsizse d\u00fcnya ve ahiretin her ikisinden de nasipsiz olur.\u201d
\n\u2014Nehc\u00fc\u2019s Saadet fi M\u00fcstedrek-i Nehc\u00fc\u2019l Belaga, c. 7, s. 366.
\nMuaviye \u0130le Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/p>\n
Muaviye, sulh ve bar\u0131\u015f \u00f6nerisinde bulunmak i\u00e7in \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n huzuruna iki temsilcisini g\u00f6nderdi. Bu temsilciler kan d\u00f6k\u00fclmesinin \u00f6nlenmesi gerekti\u011fini dile getirerek \u0130mam\u0131 sulh ve bar\u0131\u015fa davet ettiler. Bu iki temsilci, hilafetin Muaviye\u2019den sonra \u0130mam Hasan\u2019a ge\u00e7ece\u011fini s\u00f6ylediler. Muaviye, onlarla birlikte kendi m\u00fchr\u00fc ile bir beyaz ka\u011f\u0131t g\u00f6ndermi\u015f ve \u0130mamdan bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 yazmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir.[58]
\nBu antla\u015fma maddeleri kaynaklarda farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde zikredilmi\u015ftir. Antla\u015fma maddeleri genel olarak \u015funlardan ibarettir:<\/p>\n
H\u00fck\u00fcmet Muaviye\u2019ye b\u0131rak\u0131lacak, ancak Muaviye Allah\u2019\u0131n kitab\u0131 ve Resulullah\u2019\u0131n s\u00fcnnetine g\u00f6re amel edecektir.
\nMuaviye kendisinden sonra kimseyi halife olarak tayin etmeyecek ve hilafet kendisinden sonra \u0130mam Hasan\u2019a veya zorunlu bir durumda karde\u015fi \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019e ge\u00e7ecektir.
\nMuaviye, \u0130mam Ali\u2019ye (a.s) k\u00fcf\u00fcr ve lanet etmeyi terk edecek ve Hz. Ali’yi ancak iyilikle anacakt\u0131r.
\nBen\u00ee Ha\u015fim i\u00e7in \u00f6denek belirlenecek, Cemel ve S\u0131ffin Sava\u015flar\u0131nda \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin saf\u0131nda \u015fehit olanlar\u0131n yak\u0131nlar\u0131na belirli bir miktarda para yard\u0131m\u0131nda bulunulacak.
\nMuaviye, hi\u00e7 kimseyi ge\u00e7mi\u015fte yapt\u0131klar\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc cezaland\u0131rmayacak; Irak halk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik eski kinini terk edecek. Hz. Ali dostlar\u0131 her yerde emniyet ve huzur i\u00e7inde olacak, \u015eiilerine eziyet edilmeyecek; can, mal, namus ve evl\u00e2tlar\u0131 g\u00fcven i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayacaklard\u0131r.
\n\u0130mam Hasan, karde\u015fi \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin ve Allah Resul\u00fc’n\u00fcn Ehlibeyti’nden hi\u00e7birine, gizlide veya a\u00e7\u0131kta suikast tertiplenmeyecek. Bu antla\u015fma maddelerinde \u015eia ve Amme (Ehli S\u00fcnnet) aras\u0131nda ihtilaflar bulunmaktad\u0131r.[59]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (a.s) belirledi\u011fi ko\u015fullarla, Hicretin 41. Y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda sulh antla\u015fmas\u0131 imzaland\u0131,[60] ancak Muaviye antla\u015fman\u0131n t\u00fcm \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmesine ra\u011fmen, Kufe\u2019ye gelir gelmez \u2013iki ordunun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesinde- halka okudu\u011fu bir hutbe ile kabul etti\u011fi antla\u015fma maddelerini ayaklar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u0130mam Hasan taraf\u0131ndan istendi\u011fini iddia ederek! \u0130mam Ali\u2019ye de hakaretlerde bulundu. \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin (a.s) kendisine cevap vermek isterken karde\u015fi \u0130mam Hasan ona engel oldu ve kendisi bir hutbe okudu. Konu\u015fmas\u0131nda antla\u015fman\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fini ve Muaviye taraf\u0131ndan sulh \u00f6nerisinin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayarak g\u00fczel ve tatl\u0131 bir \u00fcslupla Muaviye\u2019nin babas\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakaretlere kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k kendi asalet ve nesebini Muaviye\u2019yle k\u0131yaslayarak ortaya koydu.[61] \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (a.s) bu tavr\u0131 Muaviye\u2019ye \u00e7ok pahal\u0131ya mal olmu\u015ftur.[62]
\nBar\u0131\u015ftan \u015eehadete Kadar<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) bar\u0131\u015f antla\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra Medine\u2019ye gitti. Orada dini, ilmi, sosyal ve siyasi bir merci konumundayd\u0131. Kendisi Muaviye ve taraftarlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 Medine ve D\u0131me\u015fk\u2019te pozisyon ald\u0131 ve Muaviye ile m\u00fcnazaralar yapt\u0131. Bu m\u00fcnazaralar \u015eeyh Tabarsi taraf\u0131ndan \u201c\u0130hticac\u201d adl\u0131 kitapta bir araya getirilmi\u015ftir.[63]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan aleyhi selam, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n can\u0131n\u0131 korumak ve \u0130slam dini zarar g\u00f6rmesin diye Muaviye gibi \u0130slam ve Peygamber d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 birisiyle bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 yapmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu anla\u015fmayla birlikte hayat\u0131n\u0131n en zorlu ve ac\u0131 g\u00fcnleri ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7evresindekilerin ele\u015ftiri ve su\u00e7lamas\u0131, siyasi dengeleri g\u00f6zetmesi, \u015eialar\u0131n imameti, \u00e7ok say\u0131da kadim dostunu kaybetmesi ve \u015fehadeti ile sonu\u00e7lanan olaylar, bu d\u00f6nemin zorlu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerindendir.<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (aleyhi selam) bu d\u00f6nemdeki ya\u015fam\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcde inziva ve tecrit halinde olsa da bu d\u00f6nemde olduk\u00e7a etkili ve ayn\u0131 zamanda onun i\u00e7in bir o kadar da zorlu ve s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bir yandan \u015eialar\u0131n imamet sorumlulu\u011funu ta\u015f\u0131makta, di\u011fer yandan Muaviye ile olan anla\u015fmadan kaynakl\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan de\u011fi\u015fimler, \u015eialar\u0131n sorunlar\u0131 ile ilgilenmesini me\u015fakkatli k\u0131lmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan (a.s), bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra insanlar\u0131n yan\u0131na gelerek bir konu\u015fma yapm\u0131\u015f ve konu\u015fmas\u0131nda Muaviye ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7 y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130mam Hasan (a.s), Muaviye\u2019nin kendisiyle nas\u0131l m\u00fcnaka\u015fa etti\u011fini ve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile ger\u00e7ekte insanlar\u0131n hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 korudu\u011funu ve Muaviye\u2019nin kan ak\u0131tmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in ba\u015fka \u00e7aresinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[64] Muaviye de sulh anla\u015fmas\u0131ndan hemen sonra Kufe\u2019ye gelir gelmez bir konu\u015fma yapm\u0131\u015f ve \u0130mam Hasan\u2019la yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu anla\u015fmay\u0131 ayaklar alt\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fini iddia ederek M\u00fcminlerin Emiri \u0130mam Ali\u2019ye de hakaretler (!!) etmi\u015ftir. Daha sonra \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) bir konu\u015fma yapm\u0131\u015f ve bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fini ve bar\u0131\u015f \u00f6nerisinin Muaviye taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayarak Muaviye\u2019yi tekzip etmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca M\u00fcminlerin Emiri Hz. Ali\u2019ye yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu hakaretlerin cevab\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00fczel bir \u015fekilde vermi\u015ftir.[65]<\/p>\n
Muaviye, \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n makam ve konumunu bildi\u011finden, insanlar aras\u0131nda kendisini iyi birisiymi\u015f gibi g\u00f6stermek ve ayr\u0131ca kendi iktidar\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcde \u0130mama kar\u015f\u0131 yer yer h\u00fcrmet g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Ziyad bin Ebih, Kufe\u2019de iktidarda oldu\u011funda, bir olay sonras\u0131 \u0130mam\u0131n yarenlerinden birisi zul\u00fcm g\u00f6r\u00fcr, bunun \u00fczerine \u0130mam Hasan aleyhi selam, bir mektup yazarak bu uygunsuz davran\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Ziyad\u2019\u0131 uyar\u0131r. Ziyad bin Ebih de \u0130mama sayg\u0131s\u0131zca bir cevap verir. Bunun \u00fczerine \u0130mam Hasan (aleyhi selam) tarihi bir cevap yazm\u0131\u015f ve bununla da yetinmeyerek olay\u0131 Muaviye\u2019ye ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015f ve Muaviye de \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n iste\u011fi \u00fczerine Ziyad\u2019\u0131 k\u0131nam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Muaviye, o\u011flu Yezid\u2019i kendisinden sonra halife olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in uygulamaya koydu\u011fu planlar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) kendisine \u015fiddetle tepki g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u0130\u00e7ki i\u00e7en, \u015f\u0131mar\u0131k, lakayt bir gencin b\u00f6ylesine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00f6reve getirilmesi \u0130mam\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktalardan biriydi. Elbette \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n Muaviye\u2019ye kar\u015f\u0131 emri bil maruf ve nehyi anil m\u00fcnkerde bulunmas\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7ok \u00f6rnekleri vard\u0131r. \u00d6yle ki ba\u015fka \u00e7aresi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in babas\u0131 Ebu S\u00fcfyan ile birlikte \u0130slam dinini se\u00e7mek zorunda kalan ve ikinci halife \u00d6mer \u0130bn Hattab\u2019\u0131n da yard\u0131mlar\u0131 ile ileriki d\u00f6nemlerde hile ve dolaplarla \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7erek halifeli\u011fi gasp eden Muaviye gibi birini \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) kitap ve s\u00fcnnette uymas\u0131 i\u00e7in davet etmekteydi.[66]<\/p>\n
Masum \u0130mam\u0131n (a.s) ele\u015ftirileri ve Muaviye\u2019nin isteklerine olumlu yan\u0131t vermemesiyle \u0130mam, Muaviye \u00f6lene kadar, ona kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a mukabelede bulunman\u0131n maslahat olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu anlamda sabit kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) Kufe\u2019den ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yarenlerine uygun zaman\u0131 beklemeleri gerekti\u011fi konusunda telkinlerde bulunmaktad\u0131r.[67]<\/p>\n
Havazan kabilesinden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Mestured bin Ulfe\u2019nin bayra\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 hadisesinde, Muaviye sava\u015fmak i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131k yapar, ama Muaviye, \u0130mam\u0131n teyidini gerekli bilir ve onun yan\u0131nda yer almas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini zorunlu g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bu meyanda \u0130mam (a.s) ak\u0131ll\u0131ca bir y\u00f6ntemle ve bundan yararlanarak \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin \u015fu s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc: \u201chakk\u0131 elde etmek isteyen, ama hata eden (Harici) kimse, asla bat\u0131l\u0131 isteyip elde edene (Muaviye ve taraftarlar\u0131na) benzemez.\u201d \u0130tibarla\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.[68] Bundan dolay\u0131, Muaviye\u2019nin isteklerini kabul etmeyi gerekli g\u00f6rmez. Zira Muaviye ile olan ili\u015fkilerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde bir s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 olmasa da Muaviye\u2019nin bayra\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131na girmekten uzak durur.[69]<\/p>\n
Nakledildi\u011fine g\u00f6re Muaviye, gizli de ve a\u00e7\u0131kta Hz. Ali\u2019nin \u015eialar\u0131n\u0131 takip etmelerini ve minberlerde M\u00fcminlerin Emirine (aleyhi selam) k\u00fcf\u00fcr etmelerini emretmi\u015ftir. Ziyad gibi birini Kufe valisi yapmas\u0131 da bu minval \u00fczerineydi.<\/p>\n
Aralar\u0131nda Hz. Resulullah\u2019\u0131n sahabesi olan \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (a.s) baz\u0131 yarenleri, Muaviye\u2019nin yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce ve Ziyad bin Ebih gibi birisini vali yapmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n bu ki\u015filer her daim h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerce zulme u\u011fram\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Amr bin Hamk Hazai\u2019nin \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn son y\u0131llar\u0131nda ba\u015f\u0131ndan ge\u00e7enler, bunun a\u00e7\u0131k \u00f6rneklerindendir. Amr bin Hamk Hazai, Muaviye\u2019nin \u0130slam\u2019a ayk\u0131r\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftirdi\u011finden Muaviye\u2019nin adamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan takibe al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ve sonunda tutuklanarak Kufe\u2019de hapiste \u015fehit edilmi\u015ftir.[70]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan Mucteba aleyhi selam, Amr\u2019\u0131n \u015fehadet haberini al\u0131nca, Muaviye\u2019ye bir mektup yazarak \u015fiddetle kendisini k\u0131nam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[71] Muaviye\u2019nin sulh anla\u015fmas\u0131na uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011fi de H\u00fccr bin Adiyy ve arkada\u015flar\u0131na yapt\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. H\u00fccr bin Adiyy ve adamlar\u0131 Muaviye\u2019nin \u0130slam ve insanl\u0131ktan uzak davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ele\u015ftirip tenkit etti\u011finden Kufe\u2019de tutuklanm\u0131\u015f ve \u015eam\u2019a g\u00f6nderilerek orada \u015fehit edilmi\u015ftir.[72] Bu listeye \u0130mam Ali\u2019nin aleyhi selam, takva sahibi adamlar\u0131ndan Ru\u015feyd Haceri\u2019yi de eklemek gerekir. Zira Muaviye, \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n sulh \u015fartlar\u0131ndaki isteklerinin aksine onu da \u015fehit etmi\u015ftir.[73]
\nSulh Hakk\u0131nda Yarenleri \u0130le \u0130hticac Etmesi
\nMuaviye \u0130le Mukabele Etemesi
\nBaz\u0131 Emevilerle Mukabele Etmesi<\/p>\n
\u0130bn Ziyad
\nAmr bin Osman
\nAmr bin As
\nVelid bin Ukbe
\nUtbe bin Ebu S\u00fcfyan
\nMu\u011fayre bin \u015eu\u2019be
\nMervan bin Hakem<\/p>\n
Kufelilerden Talebi
\n\u015eam\u2019a Gitmesi
\n\u015eehadeti<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n hicri 50. Y\u0131lda \u015fehit oldu\u011fu me\u015fhurdur.[74] \u015eehadeti hakk\u0131nda nakledilen rivayetlerin \u00e7o\u011funda Safer ay\u0131n\u0131n son g\u00fcnlerinde[75] veya Safer ay\u0131n\u0131n 28. G\u00fcn\u00fc oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. Safer ay\u0131n\u0131n yedisi[76] ve ayr\u0131ca Rebi\u00fclevvel ay\u0131nda[77] da \u015fehit oldu\u011fu rivayetleri vard\u0131r. \u015eeyh M\u00fcfid\u2019in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u0130mam Hasan efendimiz \u015fehit oldu\u011funda hen\u00fcz 48 ya\u015f\u0131ndayd\u0131.[78] \u015eehadet tarihindeki ihtilaflardan dolay\u0131 \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn tam olarak ne kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde de ihtilaflar vard\u0131r.[79]<\/p>\n
Bir \u00e7ok \u015eii ve S\u00fcnni kaynaklara g\u00f6re, \u0130mam Hasan (a.s), zehirletilerek \u015fehit edilmi\u015ftir.[80] Elbette baz\u0131 S\u00fcnni kaynaklarda (ki bu kaynaklar\u0131n bir \u00e7o\u011fu Muaviye ve Emeviler taraf\u0131ndan yazd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r) do\u011fal yollardan ve ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi bir hastal\u0131ktan dolay\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[81] Nakledilen bir rivayete g\u00f6re Muaviye, E\u015f\u2019as bin Kays\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 Cude\u2019nin (\u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n e\u015fi) yan\u0131na birisini g\u00f6ndermi\u015ftir. Muaviye, Cu\u2019de\u2019ye \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: \u2018ben sana y\u00fcz bin dirhem verece\u011fim ve seni o\u011flum Yezit\u2019le evlendirece\u011fim. Ancak bunun i\u00e7in \u00f6nce Hasan\u2019\u0131 zehirlemelisin.\u2019 Cu\u2019de, \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131 zehirlemi\u015f ve Muaviye\u2019den vaat etti\u011fi paray\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r[82], ancak Muaviye, onu o\u011flu Yezit\u2019le evlendirmemi\u015ftir. \u0130bn Sa\u2019d, \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n, hizmetkarlar\u0131ndan biri taraf\u0131ndan \u015fehit edildi\u011fini yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[83] Ancak yine nakledildi\u011fine g\u00f6re bu i\u015fi Muaviye\u2019nin iste\u011fi \u00fczerine \u0130mam\u0131n bir di\u011fer e\u015fi Suheyl bin Amr\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[84]O d\u00f6nemin ko\u015fullar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda Yezid\u2019in veliahtl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130mam Hasan (a.s) b\u00fcy\u00fck bir engeldi. Bu y\u00fczden onun ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyordu. \u00d6yle anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ki \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n (aleyhi selam) Cu\u2019de bint E\u015f\u2019as taraf\u0131ndan zehirlenerek \u015fehit edildi\u011fi daha muteberdir.[85]
\nBaz\u0131 kaynaklara g\u00f6re \u0130mam Hasan (aleyhi selam) \u015fehit olmadan \u00f6nce bir \u00e7ok defa zehirletilmi\u015ftir. Ancak hepsinden bir \u015fekilde kurtulmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[86] Yakubi, \u015f\u00f6yle yazmaktad\u0131r: \u2018\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc s\u0131rada karde\u015fi \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019e (a.s) \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: \u2018Ey benim karde\u015fim! Bu, benim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc zehirleni\u015fim. Ancak daha \u00f6nce b\u00f6ylesine zehirlenmemi\u015ftim. Bug\u00fcn \u00f6lece\u011fim. \u00d6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmde beni Allah Resul\u00fcn\u00fcn (s.a.a) yan\u0131na defnet ki hi\u00e7 kimse benim ona yak\u0131n oldu\u011fum kadar ona yak\u0131n de\u011fildir. Ancak e\u011fer buna engel olacak olurlarsa (ki burada Ai\u015fe\u2019nin buna kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr), bu durumda bir hacamat kan\u0131 kadar dahi kan d\u00f6k\u00fclmesin.[87]
\n\u0130mam Hasan’\u0131n (a.s) Cennet\u00fc’l Baki’deki Kabri \u015eerifleri
\n\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur:
\n\u201cM\u00fcmin (ahireti i\u00e7in) az\u0131k toplar, kafir ise zevke dalar.\u201d
\n\u201c
\n\u201d
\n\u2014Bihar-ul Envar, c. 78, s. 112.
\nDefnedilmesi<\/p>\n
\u015eeyh Tusi\u2019nin nakletti\u011fine g\u00f6re[88] \u0130mam Hasan M\u00fccteba (aleyhi selam), karde\u015fi \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019e (aleyhi selam), kendisini dedesi Hz. Resul\u00fc Kibriya\u2019n\u0131n (s.a.a) yan\u0131na defnetmesini vasiyet etmi\u015ftir. Ancak bu i\u015fe birileri kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kacak olursa, asla bunda \u0131srar etmemesini ve kesinlikle kan d\u00f6k\u00fclmemesini istemi\u015ftir. Ba\u015fka bir nakle g\u00f6re, \u0130mam Hasan, gus\u00fcl verilip kefenlendikten sonra kendisini dedesi Hz. Resulullah\u2019\u0131n mezar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrmesini ve orada ahdini yeniledikten sonra b\u00fcy\u00fck annesi Hz. Fat\u0131ma bint Esed\u2019in yan\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclerek orada defnedilmesini istemi\u015ftir.[89]<\/p>\n
Hz. \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n m\u00fcbarek naa\u015f\u0131, Hz. Peygamber Efendimizin kabri \u015feriflerinin yan\u0131na getirildi\u011fi s\u0131rada, o s\u0131rada Medine valisi olan Said bin As (ki bu ki\u015finin kafir babas\u0131, Bedir sava\u015f\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015friklerin saf\u0131nda yer alm\u0131\u015f ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sava\u015fta Hz. Ali babas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr) ve Mervan silahl\u0131 bin adam\u0131yla birlikte oraya gelir ve \u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n naa\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Efendimizin huzuruna g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesine mani olur.[90]Ba\u015fka bir rivayette ise Ai\u015fe, siyah beyaz bir kat\u0131ra binmi\u015f ve oraya gelerek \u015f\u00f6yle demi\u015ftir: \u201cHi\u00e7 kimsenin evime girmesine izin vermeyece\u011fim.\u201d[91] Sonunda \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin, a\u011fabeyinin naa\u015f\u0131n\u0131 alarak Cennet\u00fc\u2019l-Baki mezarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrerek orada defnetmi\u015ftir.[92]
\nFazilet ve Erdemleri<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) huy, davran\u0131\u015f ve siyadet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan insanlar aras\u0131nda Peygambere (s.a.a) en \u00e7ok benzeyen ki\u015fi idi.[93] Hz. Fahri Kainat Efendimizden (s.a.a) nakledildi\u011fine g\u00f6re efendimiz \u0130mam Hasan\u2019a hitaben \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: \u201cEy Hasan! Sen yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f ve ahlak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan benim benzerimsin.\u201d[94]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) Kisa (Aba) Ashab\u0131ndan birisidir[95] ve Hz. Peygamber efendimiz M\u00fcbahale olay\u0131nda, Allah\u2019\u0131n emri ile \u0130mam Hasan, \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin, \u0130mam Ali ve Hz. Fat\u0131ma\u2019y\u0131 da kendisiyle birlikte lanetle\u015fmeye g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.[96] Tathir Ayeti onun ve \u00f6teki Ehlibeyt i\u00e7in \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir fazilettir.[97]<\/p>\n
\u0130mam Hasan (a.s) Hacca 25 kere yaya olarak gitmi\u015f, \u00fc\u00e7 kere mal\u0131n\u0131 Allah yolunda ba\u011f\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015e\u00f6yle ki ayakkab\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015f kendisine terli\u011fini ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[98]
\nKaynak\u00e7a<\/p>\n
……………………<\/p>\n