{"id":1295,"date":"2021-10-07T20:35:12","date_gmt":"2021-10-07T17:35:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/?p=1295"},"modified":"2021-10-07T20:35:12","modified_gmt":"2021-10-07T17:35:12","slug":"imam-riza-a-s","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/1295\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Hasan Ali bin Musa er-R\u0131za<\/b>\u00a0(Arap\u00e7a:\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/b>) (h. 148-203),\u00a0\u0130sna A\u015fer\u00a0(On \u0130ki \u0130mam)\u00a0\u015eia\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n sekizinci imam\u0131d\u0131r. En me\u015fhur lakab\u0131 \u201cR\u0131za\u201d ve \u201c\u0130mam R\u0131za\u201d olarak an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. K\u00fcnyesi Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Hasan\u2019d\u0131r. Babas\u0131 \u015eialar\u0131n Yedinci \u0130mam\u0131,\u00a0\u0130mam K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019d\u0131r. Annesinin ad\u0131 konusunda fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r: \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00dcmm\u00fc\u2019l Benin, T\u00fcktem, Necime denilmi\u015ftir.Medine\u2019de d\u00fcnyaya gelmesine ra\u011fmen Abbasi halifesi Me\u2019mun onu zorla Horasan\u2019a getirtmi\u015f ve ona zorla veliahtl\u0131k g\u00f6revini vermi\u015ftir. \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) Medine -Horasan yolunda \u00fcnl\u00fc \u201cSilsiletu\u2019z Zeheb Hadisi\u201d hadisini Ni\u015fabur \u015fehrinde a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Me\u2019mun\u2019un \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) ile \u00f6teki din ve mezhep b\u00fcy\u00fckleri aras\u0131nda te\u015fkil etti\u011fi m\u00fcnazara toplant\u0131lar\u0131 me\u015fhurdur.\u00a0\u0130mamet\u00a0s\u00fcresi 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r. T\u00fbs \u015fehrinde vefat etmi\u015ftir. Me\u2019mun \u0130mam R\u0131za’n\u0131n (a.s) \u015fehadetinden sorumlu tutulmu\u015ftur. Kabr-i \u015ferifleri\u00a0Me\u015fhed\u00a0\u015fehrindedir ve her y\u0131l d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerinden milyonlarca\u00a0M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u00a0ziyaretine gelmektedir.[1]<\/sup><\/p>\n

Nesebi, K\u00fcnyesi ve Lakaplar\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n

Ali b. Musa b.\u00a0Cafer\u00a0b.\u00a0Muhammed\u00a0b.\u00a0Ali\u00a0b.\u00a0H\u00fcseyin\u00a0b.\u00a0Ali\u00a0b.\u00a0Ebu Talib\u00a0(Medine, 148- T\u00fbs, 203).[2]<\/sup>\u00a0Babas\u0131 \u015eialar\u0131n yedinci imam\u0131, \u0130mam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019d\u0131r (a.s).<\/p>\n

\u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) k\u00fcnyesi Eb\u00fc\u2019l Hasan\u2019d\u0131r. Baz\u0131 kaynaklara g\u00f6re, lakaplar\u0131: “R\u0131za, Sab\u0131r, Razi ve Vafi\u2019dir.” Bunlardan en \u00fcnl\u00fcs\u00fc ise R\u0131za\u2019d\u0131r.[3]<\/sup><\/p>\n

<\/span>Do\u011fumu ve \u015eehadeti<\/span><\/h2>\n

D\u00fcnyaya geli\u015f y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n hicretin 148. veya 153. y\u0131l\u0131\u00a0Zilhicce\u00a0ay\u0131n\u0131n veya\u00a0Zilkade\u00a0ay\u0131n\u0131n veya\u00a0Rebi\u00fclevvel\u00a0ay\u0131n\u0131n 11\u2019i Per\u015fembe veya\u00a0Cuma g\u00fcn\u00fc\u00a0oldu\u011fu nakledilmi\u015ftir.[4]<\/sup>\u00a0Kuleyni, d\u00fcnyaya geli\u015f tarihini 148 olarak nakletmi\u015ftir.[5]<\/sup>\u00a0Bir\u00e7ok ulema ve tarih\u00e7i de bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc kabul etmektedir.[6]<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u015eehadetini\u00a0Safer\u00a0ay\u0131n\u0131n son g\u00fcn\u00fc veya 17\u2019si,Ramazan\u00a0ay\u0131n\u0131n 21\u2019i ,\u00a0Cemaziyelevvel\u00a0ay\u0131n\u0131n 18\u2019i ile Zilkade ay\u0131n\u0131n 23\u2019\u00fc veya son g\u00fcn\u00fc h.202,203 veya 206\u2019s\u0131 olarak nakletmi\u015flerdir.[7]<\/sup>\u00a0Kuleyni, vefat\u0131n\u0131n 55 ya\u015f\u0131nda iken H.203. y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Safer ay\u0131nda vuku buldu\u011funu nakletmi\u015ftir.[8]<\/sup>\u00a0Bir \u00e7ok say\u0131da ulema ve tarih\u00e7inin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne g\u00f6re Hicretin 203. y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat etmi\u015ftir.[9]<\/sup>\u00a0Tabersi, vefat\u0131n\u0131n Safer ay\u0131n\u0131n son g\u00fcn\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini nakletmektedir.[10]<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s)\u2019\u0131n do\u011fum tarihinin tam olarak bilinmemesi, vefat\u0131n\u0131n da tam olarak bilinmemesine sebep olmu\u015ftur, ama 47 ile 57 ya\u015f aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir.[11]<\/sup>\u00a0Do\u011fum ve vefat tarihi konusundaki \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fun g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne g\u00f6re ya\u015f\u0131 55 idi.<\/p>\n

Annesi<\/span><\/h3>\n

Annesi \u201c\u00dcmm\u00fc\u2019l Benin\u201d diye bilinen bir cariye idi.[12]<\/sup>\u00a0\u015eeyh Saduk\u00a0\u015f\u00f6yle yazmaktad\u0131r: \u0130mam\u0131n annesi, \u201cT\u00fcktem\u201d ad\u0131nda bir cariye idi. \u0130mam K\u00e2z\u0131m (a.s) onun sahibi oldu\u011fu zaman bu ad\u0131 ona vermi\u015flerdir.[13]<\/sup>\u00a0\u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) d\u00fcnyaya geldi\u011finde\u00a0\u0130mam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m\u00a0(a.s) T\u00fcktem\u2019i \u201cTahire\u201d olarak adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[14]<\/sup>\u00a0Yine \u015eeyh Saduk \u015f\u00f6yle yazmaktad\u0131r: Bir grup \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) annesinin ad\u0131n\u0131n Seken Nubiye oldu\u011funu rivayet etmi\u015f ve yine Eruy, Necime, Semane de demi\u015flerdir. K\u00fcnyesi \u00dcmm\u00fc\u2019l Benin\u2019dir.[15]<\/sup><\/p>\n

Rivayetlerde \u015f\u00f6yle nakledilmektedir: \u201cAnnesi, temiz ve takval\u0131 bir cariye idi. \u0130mam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n (a.s) annesi Hamide onu sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f ve o\u011fluna ba\u011f\u0131\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019y\u0131 (a.s) d\u00fcnyaya getirdikten sonra ad\u0131n\u0131 Tahire koymu\u015ftur.\u201d[16]<\/sup>\u00a0nakledildi\u011fine g\u00f6re \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) annesi N\u00fbbe (Sudan ile M\u0131s\u0131r aras\u0131nda bir b\u00f6lge) ahalisindendir.[17]<\/sup><\/p>\n

<\/span>E\u015fleri<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) Subeyke diye bir e\u015fi vard\u0131.[18]<\/sup>\u00a0nakledildi\u011fine g\u00f6re\u00a0Peygamber efendimizin\u00a0e\u015fi Mariye K\u0131btiye\u2019nin soyundan gelmektedir.[19]<\/sup><\/p>\n

Subeyke d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, baz\u0131 tarih\u00ee kaynaklarda \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) ba\u015fka e\u015flerinin oldu\u011fu da kaydedilmi\u015ftir: Me\u2019mun, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya \u201c\u00dcmm\u00fc Habib\u201d adl\u0131 k\u0131z\u0131yla evlenmesini \u00f6nermi\u015f \u0130mam da kabul etmi\u015ftir. Taberi, bu evlili\u011fi Hicretin 202\u2019inci y\u0131l\u0131ndaki hadiselerden saym\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[20]<\/sup>\u00a0Denildi\u011fine g\u00f6re Me\u2019mun\u2019un bu\u00a0evlilikteki\u00a0amac\u0131, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya daha yak\u0131n olmak ve ev i\u00e7indeki programlardan haberdar olmak i\u00e7in oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir.[21]<\/sup>\u00a0Yafii, \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) ile evlenen Me\u2019mun\u2019un k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n \u201c\u00dcmm\u00fc Habib\u201d oldu\u011funa inanmaktad\u0131r.[22]<\/sup>\u00a0S\u00fcyuti de Me\u2019mun\u2019un bir k\u0131z\u0131yla \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) evlendi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamakta, ancak ismi konusunda herhangi bir bilgi vermemektedir.[23]<\/sup><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u00c7ocuklar\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 ve isimleri konusunda fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bir grup adlar\u0131: Muhammed Kani, Hasan, Cafer, \u0130brahim, H\u00fcseyin ve Ay\u015fe olan be\u015f erkek ve bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011funun oldu\u011funu kaydetmi\u015ftir.[24]<\/sup>\u00a0Sabit b. Cevz\u00ee, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) adlar\u0131 Muhammed (Ebu Cafer Sani), Cafer, Ebu Muhammed Hasan, \u0130brahim adl\u0131 d\u00f6rt erkek \u00e7ocu\u011fu ve ismini belirtmedi\u011fi bir k\u0131z \u00e7ocu\u011fundan bahsetmektedir.[25]<\/sup>\u00a0\u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) H\u00fcseyin adl\u0131 iki ya\u015f\u0131nda veya daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta bir \u00e7ocu\u011funun Kazvin\u2019de metfun oldu\u011fu ve bu \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u015fimdiki Kazvin \u015fehrindeki \u0130mamzade H\u00fcseyin oldu\u011fu ve \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) 193. y\u0131l\u0131nda bu \u015fehre bir ziyaret ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenmi\u015ftir.[26]<\/sup>\u00a0\u015eeyh M\u00fcfid\u00a0ise \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) Muhammed (a.s) adl\u0131 o\u011flu d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir \u00e7ocu\u011funun oldu\u011funa inanmamaktad\u0131r.[27]<\/sup>\u00a0\u0130bn \u015eehra\u015fub ve Tabersi de bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe sahiptir.[28]<\/sup>\u00a0Baz\u0131lar\u0131 ad\u0131 Fat\u0131ma olan bir k\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n daha oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015flerdir.[29]<\/sup><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u0130mameti<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0130mameti 20 y\u0131l (H. 183-203) s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.\u00a0\u0130mameti\u00a0boyunca: Harun Re\u015fit, Muhammed Emin (\u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l yirmi be\u015f g\u00fcn), \u0130bn \u015eekle diye bilinen \u0130brahim b. Mehdi (14 g\u00fcn), Me\u2019mun (20 y\u0131l) gibi Abbasi halifeleri ile ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[30]<\/sup><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u0130mametinin Delilleri<\/span><\/h2>\n

Baz\u0131lar\u0131\u00a0\u0130mam Musa b. Cafer\u2019den (a.s) \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) imametini a\u00e7\u0131klayan baz\u0131 hadisler nakletmi\u015flerdir. Bu hadisleri nakledenler \u015funlard\u0131r: Davut b. Kesir el-Rakki, Muhammed b. \u0130shak b. Ammar, Ali b. Yaktin, Naim el-Kabusi, el-Hasan b. El-Muhtar, Ziyad b. Mervan, el-Mahzumi, Davut b. S\u00fcleyman, Nas\u0131r b. K\u00e2bus, Davut b. Zerbi, Yezid b. Salit ve Muhammed b. Sinan.[31]<\/sup>\u00a0\u0130leride bu hadislerden baz\u0131lar\u0131na de\u011finece\u011fiz. Davut Rakki, \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u2018\u2018\u0130mam K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019a (a.s) sizden sonraki imam\u0131m\u0131z kimdir?\u2019\u2019 dedim. Cevab\u0131nda o\u011flu Eb\u00fc\u2019l Hasan\u2019\u0131 (\u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019y\u0131) i\u015faret ederek \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: Bu, benden sonraki sizin imam\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r.[32]<\/sup><\/p>\n

Muhammed b. \u0130shak b. Ammar \u015f\u00f6yle diyor:\u00a0\u0130mam Musa\u2019ya (a.s) dedim ki: Din i\u015flerini kimden \u00f6\u011frenmem gerekti\u011fi hususunda bana rehberlik etmez misin? \u0130mam cevab\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: O ki\u015fi, o\u011flum Ali\u2019dir\u2026[33]<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u00c7ok say\u0131daki hadis i\u00e7erikli delillere ek olarak, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s)\u00a0\u015eialar\u00a0aras\u0131nda kabul g\u00f6rmesi, ilmi ve ahlaki \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc imametini sabit etmektedir. Her ne kadar \u0130mam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n (a.s) \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn son d\u00f6nemlerinde imamet konusu karma\u015f\u0131k bir hal alm\u0131\u015f ve zorla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olsa da \u0130mam Musa K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n (a.s) ashab\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, \u0130mam K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n (a.s) halifesi olarak \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019y\u0131 (a.s) g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ve onun yerine \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019y\u0131 (a.s) kabul etmi\u015flerdir.[34]<\/sup><\/p>\n

<\/span>Horasan\u2019a Yolculuk<\/span><\/h2>\n

Nakledildi\u011fine g\u00f6re \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s)\u00a0Medine\u2019den Merv \u015fehrine g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc hicretin 200. y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.[35]<\/sup>\u00a0\u201cMasum \u0130mamlar\u0131n Fikri ve Siyasi Hayat\u0131\u201d kitab\u0131n\u0131n yazar\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201c\u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) hicretin 201. y\u0131l\u0131na kadar Medine\u2019de kalm\u0131\u015f ve o y\u0131l\u0131n\u00a0Ramazan\u00a0ay\u0131nda Merv\u2019e giri\u015f yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[36]<\/sup>\u00a0Yakubi tarihinde zikredildi\u011fine g\u00f6re Me\u2019mun, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019y\u0131 (a.s) Basra yolu \u00fczerinden Medine\u2019den Horasan\u2019a getirtmi\u015ftir. \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019y\u0131 (a.s) getirtme g\u00f6revini ise Faz\u0131l b. Sehl\u2019in akrabas\u0131 Reca b. Ebi Dahhak yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[37]<\/sup>\u00a0\u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) yolculuk g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131n\u0131 Me\u2019mun d\u00fczenlemi\u015f ve\u00a0\u015eia\u00a0merkezlerinden ge\u00e7memesi i\u00e7in gerekli \u00f6nlemleri alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zira bu i\u015fin sonucundan korkmaktayd\u0131. Me\u2019mun, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s)\u00a0Kufe\u00a0g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131 yerine Basra, Huzistan, Fars \u00fczerinden Ni\u015fabur\u2019a[38]<\/sup>\u00a0getirilmesini istemi\u015ftir. \u015eia atlas\u0131n\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) hareket etti\u011fi g\u00fczerg\u00e2h \u015f\u00f6yle idi: Medine, Negre, Husce, Nebac, Hafr Ebu Musa, Basra, Ahvaz, Behbehan, \u0130stahr, Ebrkuve, Deh\u015fir (Fera\u015fah), Yezd, Harang, Ribat, Po\u015ftibam, Ni\u015fabur, Kedemkah, Dehsorh, Tus, Serahs, Merv.[39]<\/sup><\/p>\n

Bu yolculu\u011fun en \u00f6nemli ve senetli olay\u0131, Ni\u015fabur \u015fehrinde ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) orada \u201cSilsilet\u00fc\u2019z -Zeheb\u201d adl\u0131 me\u015fhur hadisi a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[40]<\/sup>\u00a0\u015eeyh M\u00fcfid\u00a0\u015f\u00f6yle demektedir: Me\u2019mun, bir grup\u00a0Ebu Talip\u00a0hanedan\u0131n\u0131 Medine\u2019den \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde \u0130mam R\u0131za da (a.s) bulunmaktayd\u0131. \u015eeyh M\u00fcfid, Yakubi\u2019nin dedi\u011fine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak Me\u2019mun\u2019un el\u00e7isinin Celludi oldu\u011funu ve Basra yolundan Me\u2019mun\u2019un yan\u0131na geldi\u011fini yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Me\u2019mun, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya (a.s) ba\u015fka bir ev tahsis etmi\u015f ve ikramda bulunarak sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.[41]<\/sup><\/p>\n

<\/span>Silsilet\u00fc\u2019z-Zeheb Hadisi<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0130shak b. Raheveyh\u2019in \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6yledi\u011fi nakledilmektedir:\u00a0\u0130mam R\u0131za\u00a0(a.s) Horasan yolunda Ni\u015fabur \u015fehrine u\u011frad\u0131 ve oradan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p Me\u2019mun’un yan\u0131na gidece\u011fi s\u0131rada \u015fehirdeki muhaddisler \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n (a.s) yan\u0131na gelerek \u015f\u00f6yle arz ettiler: Ey\u00a0Allah Resul\u00fc’n\u00fcn (s.a.a) o\u011flu! Bizim \u015fehrimizden ayr\u0131lacakken bize faydalanmam\u0131z i\u00e7in bir hadis buyurmayacak m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z? Hadis\u00e7ilerin bu iste\u011fi \u00fczerine \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) oturmu\u015f oldu\u011fu taht\u0131revandan ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kararak \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu:
\n\u201cBabam\u00a0Musa bin Cafer\u2019den, o da babas\u0131\u00a0Cafer bin Muhammed’den, o da babas\u0131\u00a0Muhammed bin Ali’den, o da babas\u0131\u00a0Ali bin H\u00fcseyin’den, o da babas\u0131\u00a0H\u00fcseyin bin Ali’den, o da babas\u0131\u00a0Ali bin Ebu Talib’den (a.s), o da\u00a0Allah’\u0131n Resul\u00fcnden\u00a0(s.a.a) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurduklar\u0131n\u0131 rivayet etmi\u015flerdir: Cebrail’den Allah Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu\u011funu duydum: \u201cLa \u0130lahe \u0130llallah benim kalemdir, o halde kim kaleme girerse azab\u0131mdan g\u00fcvende olur.\u201d \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n hareket etti\u011fi s\u0131rada \u0130mam (a.s) y\u00fcksek bir sesle \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: \u201cBu kaleye girmenin \u015fartlar\u0131 vard\u0131r; ben de o \u015fartlardan birisiyim.\u201d[42]<\/sup><\/p>\n

Me\u2019mun\u2019un Veliahtl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n

\u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) Merv\u2019de ya\u015famaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Me\u2019mun, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) yan\u0131na bir el\u00e7isini g\u00f6ndererek \u0130mam\u2019a: \u2018\u2018Ben hilafetten kendimi azlederek yerimi size vermeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum ve bu konudaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc bildirmenizi istiyorum\u2019\u2019 der. \u0130mam (a.s) bu i\u015fe \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Me\u2019mun bu giri\u015fiminden sonra, \u0130mamdan kendisinden sonra veliahtl\u0131k g\u00f6revini \u00fcstlenmesini istedi. \u0130mam yine \u015fiddetle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Daha sonra Me\u2019mun, \u0130mam\u0131 evine \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. Evinde \u0130mam, Me\u2019mun ve iki ba\u015fkanl\u0131k g\u00f6revi bulunan Faz\u0131l b. Sehl d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kimse yoktu. Toplant\u0131da Me\u2019mun \u0130mama \u015f\u00f6yle der: Ben,\u00a0M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u00a0i\u015flerini sana b\u0131rakmak, hilafetten el \u00e7ekmek ve bu g\u00f6revi sana devretmeyi istiyorum.<\/p>\n

\u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) \u015f\u00f6yle cevap verir: Benim b\u00f6yle bir i\u015fe ne takatim var ve ne de g\u00fcc\u00fcm.
\nMe\u2019mun dedi ki: Ben, kendimden sonraki veliahtl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sana b\u0131rakmak istiyorum.
\n\u0130mam (a.s) \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: Beni bu i\u015ften muaf tut.
\nBu s\u0131rada Me\u2019mun tehditle kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k c\u00fcmleler kurarak \u015f\u00f6yle dedi:\u00a0\u00d6mer b. Hattab,\u00a0alt\u0131 ki\u015filik bir \u015fura\u00a0tertipledi. Bunlardan birisi de senin ceddin M\u00fcminlerin Emiri Ali b. Ebu Talib\u2019ti. \u0130\u00e7lerinden birisi bu i\u015fe itiraz ederse boynunun vurulma emrini vermi\u015fti. Senden istedi\u011fim \u015feyi yapma d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir \u00e7aren yoktur. Ben bundan ba\u015fka bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yolu g\u00f6remiyorum. \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) cevaben \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu: \u00d6yle ise ben, hi\u00e7bir emir ve nehye kar\u0131\u015fmamak \u015fart\u0131yla kabul ediyorum. Ne\u00a0fetva\u00a0verece\u011fim, ne h\u00fck\u00fcm verece\u011fim, ne birisine bir i\u015f verece\u011fim, ne birisini azledece\u011fim ve ne de bir \u015feyin yerini de\u011fi\u015ftirece\u011fim.<\/p>\n

Me\u2019mun, \u0130mam\u0131n \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti.[43]<\/sup><\/p>\n

Bu \u015fekilde, Me\u2019mun, hicretin 201. y\u0131l\u0131nda\u00a0Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0yedisinde pazartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc, kendisinden sonraki veliahtl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130mama b\u0131rakarak biat etti ve insanlardan siyah elbiseler yerine (Ebu M\u00fcslim Horasani ve adamlar\u0131n\u0131n giydi\u011fi elbisedir. Muhtemelen Peygamberin (s.a.a) bayra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n rengini taklit etmek veya Peygamber\u00a0Ehlibeytinin\u00a0\u015fehitlerine\u00a0matem g\u00f6stergesi olsun diyedir.)[44]<\/sup>\u00a0ye\u015fil elbiseler giymesini istedi. Me\u2019mun ferman\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evre il ve il\u00e7elere ula\u015ft\u0131rarak \u0130mama biat ald\u0131. \u0130mam i\u00e7in minberlerde hutbe okuttu ve imam\u0131n ad\u0131na dinar ve sikke bast\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130smail b. Cafer b. S\u00fcleyman b. Ali Ha\u015fimi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda herkes ye\u015fil elbise giydi.[45]<\/sup>\u00a0Me\u2019mun konu\u015fmac\u0131 ve \u015fairleri davet ederek veliahtl\u0131k i\u00e7in kutlama \u015fenlikleri d\u00fczenledi. Programa kat\u0131lan \u015fairlerden birisi de Dibil b. Ali Huzai idi ki \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) okudu\u011fu \u015fiirlerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc kendisini \u00f6d\u00fcllendirmi\u015ftir.[46]<\/sup><\/p>\n

Me\u2019mun, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya (a.s) biat ferman\u0131n\u0131 \u0130sa Celludi ile\u00a0Mekke\u2019ye g\u00f6nderdi. O d\u00f6nemler Mekke\u2019nin h\u00e2kimi \u0130brahim b. Musa b. Cafer idi. Me\u2019mun ad\u0131na insanlar\u0131 davet etmekteydi. Celludi, ye\u015fil \u015fiar ve \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya biatle gelince, \u0130brahim onu kar\u015f\u0131lamaya gitti. Mekke halk\u0131 \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya (a.s) biat ederek ye\u015fil elbiseler giydi.[47]<\/sup><\/p>\n

<\/span>Veliahtl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Analizi<\/span><\/h2>\n

Me\u2019mun,\u00a0Irak\u00a0Arap eyaletinin y\u00f6netimini Hasan b. Sehl\u2019e vererek kendisi Merv\u2019de kald\u0131. Bir grup Alevi, hilafet tutkusu ile isyan bayra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dalgaland\u0131rd\u0131. Irak halk\u0131, Hasan b. Sehl\u2019den raz\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan Alevilere ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k ve itaat yemini ettiler. Me\u2019mun haberi duyunca peri\u015fan bir \u015fekilde iki ba\u015fkanl\u0131k g\u00f6revini y\u00fcr\u00fcten Faz\u0131l b Sehl\u2019le isti\u015fareye koyuldu ve onun \u00f6nerisi ile Hz. \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya (a.s) veliahtl\u0131k vererek bu \u015fekilde seyitleri kendisine itaat ettirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.[48]<\/sup><\/p>\n

Veliahtl\u0131k konusu, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) siyasi ya\u015fam\u0131ndaki \u00f6nemli konulardan biridir. \u0130mam\u0131n veliahtl\u0131k s\u00fcrecini incelemek i\u00e7in \u0130slam tarihi, halifeler tarihi ve Emeviler tarihi ile Abbasilerin hilafeti ele ge\u00e7irmelerinin keyfiyeti konular\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131ndan analiz etmek gerekir.\u00a0\u0130slam\u00a0hilafet topraklar\u0131n\u0131n genel durumu hicretin 203. y\u0131l\u0131na (\u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n vefat y\u0131l\u0131na) kadar \u00f6zet olarak \u015fu \u015fekildedir: Emevi halifeleri genel olarak zul\u00fcm ve hilafet tutkusu d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir \u015fey bilmeyen insanlard\u0131. \u0130\u00e7lerinden yaln\u0131zca \u00d6mer b. Abd\u00fclaziz onlardan biraz farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermi\u015f, ancak onun h\u00fckumeti de uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Halifelerin zul\u00fcm ve sitemlerinin sonucu olarak her yerden h\u00fckumete kar\u015f\u0131 ayaklanma ve isyanlar ba\u015f g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bu isyanlar daha \u00e7ok dini \u00f6\u011fretilerle i\u00e7 i\u00e7e olmu\u015ftur.\u00a0M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u00a0\u0130slam\u00a0dininin ihya edilmesi ve \u0130slam topraklar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan \u00f6teki semavi din taraftarlar\u0131 adalet ve e\u015fitli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kendilerine\u00a0Ehlibeyt\u00a0denilen\u00a0Hz. Ali (a.s)\u00a0ailesine \u00fcmit ba\u011flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Abbasiler insanlar\u0131n bu \u00fcmidi sayesinde kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131na hizmet etmi\u015flerdir. Daha i\u015fin ba\u015f\u0131nda onlar, insanlar\u0131n Emevilerin zul\u00fcmlerinden kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in geldiklerini s\u00f6ylemekteydiler. Onlar\u0131n ayaklanmalar\u0131, Ehlibeytin yarar\u0131na tan\u0131t\u0131mlar ile birka\u00e7 a\u015famada ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Abbasilerin daveti, i\u015fin ba\u015f\u0131nda Alevilerin yarar\u0131na idi.<\/li>\n
  2. Ehlibeyt\u2019e insanlar\u0131n davet edilmesi.<\/li>\n
  3. \u201c\u00c2l-i Muhammed\u2019in r\u0131za ve ho\u015fnutlu\u011funa\u201d davet.[49]<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Hilafeti hile ile ele ge\u00e7irerek kendilerinde karar k\u0131lan Abbasiler, daha sonra verdikleri t\u00fcm vaatleri ayaklar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na ald\u0131lar. Ba\u015fta Aleviler olmak \u00fczere halka k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Her bahane ile insanlara istedikleri \u015fekilde eziyet ettiler, hapse att\u0131lar ve \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcler. Sonunda amca o\u011fullar\u0131na yani\u00a0Ebu Talip\u00a0hanedan\u0131na yapt\u0131klar\u0131 onca haks\u0131zl\u0131klar insanlar\u0131 onlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6fkelendirdi. Bu \u015fekilde, ayaklanmalar yeniden ba\u015f g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Me\u2019mun\u2019un d\u00f6neminde isyanlar \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nemlerden daha \u00e7ok yay\u0131lmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.\u00a0Hz. Ali (a.s)\u00a0ailesine ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k ile ayaklanmalar bir\u00e7ok eyalet ve \u015fehirde kendisini g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Durumun kriti\u011fini yapan Me\u2019mun bu sorunlardan kurtulmak i\u00e7in bir \u015feyler yapmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini anlad\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Alevilerin isyanlar\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131rmak.<\/li>\n
    2. Abbasi h\u00fckumetinin yasal oldu\u011funa dair Alevilerden itiraf almak.<\/li>\n
    3. Halk\u0131n\u00a0Alevi\u00a0ailesine besledi\u011fi sevgi, \u00f6vg\u00fc ve her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn artan sayg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmak. Bu yolla insanlar\u0131n besledi\u011fi derin duygular\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131racak, Alevileri \u015f\u00fcphe ve ku\u015fkuya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek halk yan\u0131nda de\u011fersiz k\u0131lacakt\u0131r.[50]<\/sup>\u00a0\u00d6zellikle \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) konusunda onun halk\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnde hilafete lay\u0131k olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Me\u2019mun, Hamit b. Mihran gibi baz\u0131 Abbasiler taraf\u0131ndan veliahtl\u0131k g\u00f6revini \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya (a.s) neden verdi\u011fi konusunda sorguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman \u015f\u00f6yle cevap vermi\u015ftir: \u201cBu adam, bizim a\u00e7\u0131m\u0131zdan gizli idi. O, insanlar\u0131 kendisine davet etmekteydi. Bundan dolay\u0131 ona veliahtl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 vererek her ne kadar insanlar\u0131 kendisine \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131rsa bizim \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m\u0131za olsun diye b\u00f6yle yapt\u0131m.\u201d<\/p>\n

      \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) Me\u2019mun\u2019un amac\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011finden ona \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: Senin amac\u0131n halk\u0131n \u015fu \u015fekilde demesi i\u00e7indir: Ali b. Musa (a.s) d\u00fcnya ve riyasete meyillidir, hilafet ve veliahtl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nas\u0131l da hemen kendisini kapt\u0131rarak kabul etti.[51]<\/sup>\u00a0\u0130mam, veliahtl\u0131\u011f\u0131 neden kabul etti\u011fine dair kendisine soru sorduklar\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: \u201cBen bask\u0131 ve zorla, bu i\u015fi kabul etmek zorunda kald\u0131m.\u201d[52]<\/sup>\u00a0\u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) veliahtl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul etmesi i\u00e7in ortaya koydu\u011fu ko\u015fullar ger\u00e7ekte Me\u2019mun\u2019un h\u00fckumetine ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Zira \u0130mam (a.s) en ba\u015f\u0131ndan kimseye bir g\u00f6rev vermeyecek ve kimseyi bir g\u00f6revden azletmeyecek, ne gelenek ve g\u00f6reneklere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kacak ve ne mevcut bir \u015feyi de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyece\u011fine dair \u015fart koymu\u015ftu. T\u00fcm bu ko\u015fullar\u0131n \u00fczerinden uzun bir s\u00fcre ge\u00e7meden Abbasi hanedan\u0131 Ba\u011fdat\u2019ta Me\u2019mun\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 gelmi\u015f ve \u0130brahim Mehdi\u2019ye biat etmi\u015flerdi. \u00d6te yandan Me\u2019mun\u2019un bu i\u015fi iman\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayan Aleviler, yeniden ayaklanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Sonunda Me\u2019mun, \u0130mam\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmaktan ba\u015fka \u00e7aresinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131.[53]<\/sup><\/p>\n

      <\/span>M\u00fcnazaralar<\/span><\/h2>\n

      Me\u2019mun \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019y\u0131 (a.s) Merv\u2019e getirttikten sonra, uleman\u0131n huzurunda \u00e7ok say\u0131da bilimsel toplant\u0131lar d\u00fczenledi. Bu toplant\u0131larda \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) ile ba\u015fkalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli m\u00fcnazaralar ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. Bu bilimsel toplant\u0131larda daha \u00e7ok\u00a0f\u0131k\u0131h\u00a0ve kelam konular\u0131 konu\u015fulmu\u015ftur. Bu m\u00fcnazaralar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 Tabersi \u0130hticac adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda bir araya getirmi\u015ftir.[54]<\/sup>\u00a0Bu m\u00fcnazaralardan (veya ihticaclardan) baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekildedir:[55]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Tevhit\u00a0ve\u00a0Adalet\u00a0bab\u0131nda ihticac(delil g\u00f6sterme)<\/li>\n
      • \u0130mamet\u00a0bab\u0131nda ihticac<\/li>\n
      • Mervezi ile ihticac<\/li>\n
      • Ebu kurre ile ihticac<\/li>\n
      • Ehli kitapla (Caselik) ihticac<\/li>\n
      • Ehli kitapla (Reis\u00fc’l Calut) ile ihticac<\/li>\n
      • Zerd\u00fc\u015ftlerle ihticac<\/li>\n
      • Sabiin reisi ile ihticac<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        <\/span>M\u00fcnazara Toplant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n Analizi<\/span><\/h2>\n

        Me\u2019mun, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019y\u0131 (a.s) ilmi bahislere \u00e7ekerek halk\u0131n\u00a0Ehlibeyte\u00a0(a.s) kar\u015f\u0131 olan bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n \u201cilm-i led\u00fcn\u201d gibi \u00f6zel ilimlere sahip oldu\u011funa inanan halk\u0131n genel tasavvurunu k\u0131rmak istiyordu.\u00a0\u015eeyh Saduk\u00a0bu konu hakk\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle yazmaktad\u0131r: \u201cMe\u2019mun, her f\u0131rkan\u0131n \u00fcst d\u00fczey d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve \u00e2limini \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na getirerek itibar\u0131n\u0131 onlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile sarsmak istemekteydi. Bunun nedeni ise \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya (a.s) ve onun ilmi ve sosyal makam\u0131na duydu\u011fu hasetten kaynaklanmaktayd\u0131. Ancak hi\u00e7 kimse \u0130mam\u2019la (a.s) kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelememi\u015f, kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kanlar\u0131n hepsi onun faziletini ikrar etmi\u015f ve onlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n (a.s) ortaya koymu\u015f oldu\u011fu delil ve h\u00fcccete tabi olmu\u015flard\u0131r.\u201d[56]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        Bu ilmi m\u00fcnazaralar yava\u015f yava\u015f Me\u2019mun i\u00e7in sorun yaratmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Me\u2019mun, bu t\u00fcr ilmi m\u00fcnazaralar\u0131n tertiplenmesinin kendisi i\u00e7in zarar te\u015fkil etti\u011fini anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u0130mam\u2019\u0131 (a.s) k\u0131s\u0131tlamaya koyuldu. Abdusselam Harevi\u2019den nakledildi\u011fine g\u00f6re Me\u2019mun\u2019a: \u201c \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) kelam toplant\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fczenlemekte ve bu \u015fekilde halk\u0131 kendisine ba\u011flamaktad\u0131r\u201d, diye haber ula\u015f\u0131nca, Me\u2019mun Muhammed b. Amr Tusi\u2019ye halk\u0131 \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n (a.s) toplant\u0131lar\u0131ndan uzak tutma g\u00f6revi verdi. Bu olaydan sonra \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) Me\u2019mun\u2019a beddua etti.[57]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        <\/span>Bayram Namaz\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n

        Veliahtl\u0131k s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden sonra (muhtemelen hicretin 201. y\u0131l\u0131ndaki\u00a0Ramazan Bayram\u0131) Me\u2019mun\u2019un habercisi gelerek \u0130mam\u2019dan (s.a)\u00a0bayram namaz\u0131\u00a0k\u0131ld\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 ister. Ancak \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) veliahtl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul ederken ortaya koydu\u011fu \u015fartlar gere\u011fi namaz k\u0131ld\u0131rmaktan muaf tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 ister. Me\u2019mun \u0131srar eder ve \u0130mam (a.s) ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak kabul eder ve \u015f\u00f6yle buyurur: \u201c\u00d6yleyse ben,\u00a0Allah Resul\u00fc\u00a0(s.a.a) gibi namaz k\u0131ld\u0131raca\u011f\u0131m.\u201d Me\u2019mun \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 kabul eder. \u0130nsanlar, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) da \u00f6teki halifeler gibi belli bir gelenek ve g\u00f6reneklere g\u00f6re evden d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 san\u0131rlar. Ancak \u015fa\u015fk\u0131n bir \u015fekilde \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n (a.s) yal\u0131n ayak bir \u015fekilde ve tekbir getirerek yola koyuldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcrler. Bu t\u00fcr t\u00f6renler i\u00e7in resmi ve normal giysilerini giyen emirler ise durumu g\u00f6r\u00fcnce atlar\u0131ndan inerek ayakkab\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rlar. A\u011flayarak ve tekbir getirerek \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n (a.s) ard\u0131ndan yola koyulurlar. Yol boyunca \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) her bir ad\u0131m\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 kere tekbir getirir.<\/p>\n

        Dediklerine g\u00f6re Faz\u0131l, Me\u2019mun\u2019a \u015f\u00f6yle der: \u201cE\u011fer \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) bu \u015fekilde musallaya yeti\u015firse, insanlar ona hayran kal\u0131r. Do\u011fru olan onu geri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmand\u0131r.\u201d Bunun \u00fczerine Me\u2019mun, \u0130mam\u2019\u0131 (a.s) geri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in birisini g\u00f6nderir. \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) ayakkab\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ister. Sonra ayakkab\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 giyip merkebine binerek geri d\u00f6ner.[58]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        <\/span>\u015eehadet Konusu<\/span><\/h2>\n

        Yakubi tarihinde kaydedildi\u011fi gibi Me\u2019mun, hicretin 202. y\u0131l\u0131nda, Merv\u2019den\u00a0Irak\u2019a do\u011fru yola \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu yolculu\u011funda \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) ve veziri Sehl (Z\u00fc\u2019r-riyaseteyn ) de onunla birlikteydi.[59]<\/sup>\u00a0Tus\u2019a vard\u0131klar\u0131nda, \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) \u201cNukan\u201d denilen bir k\u00f6yde hicretin 203. y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat etti. Denildi\u011fine g\u00f6re Ali b. Hi\u015fam, \u0130mam\u2019a (a.s) zehirli bir nar yedirmi\u015f ve Me\u2019mun hadiseden \u00e7ok etkilenmi\u015ftir. Yakubi devam\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle yazmaktad\u0131r: \u201cBana Eb\u00fc\u2019l Hasan b. Ebu \u0130bad \u015f\u00f6yle haber verdi: Me\u2019mun \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) cenazesinde beyaz bir elbise giymi\u015f, ba\u015f\u0131nda sar\u0131k olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde yaya y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek \u015f\u00f6yle diyordu: Ya Eb\u00fc\u2019l Hasan! Senden sonra nas\u0131l mutlu olabilirim? \u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcn boyunca kabrinin ba\u015f\u0131nda kald\u0131 ve her g\u00fcn onun i\u00e7in biraz ekmek ve tuz getiriyorlar ve yaln\u0131zca ondan yiyordu. Sonra d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc g\u00fcn geri d\u00f6nd\u00fc.\u201d[60]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        \u015eeyh M\u00fcfid, Abdullah b. Be\u015fir\u2019den \u015f\u00f6yle nakletmektedir: \u201cMe\u2019mun ondan t\u0131rnaklar\u0131n\u0131 kesmemesini ve haddinden fazla uzatmas\u0131n\u0131 ister. Sonra Hint hurmas\u0131na benzer bir \u015feyi ona verir ve ondan onu eliyle iyice yo\u011furmas\u0131n\u0131 ister. Sonra Me\u2019mun \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) yan\u0131na gider ve Abdullah\u2019\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rt\u0131r ve ondan elleriyle nar suyu almas\u0131n\u0131 ister ve sonra onu \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya (a.s) i\u00e7irir. Bu i\u00e7ecek \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) vefat\u0131na neden olur.\u201d[61]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        \u015eeyh Saduk, buna benzer rivayetleri nakleder. Bunlar\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131nda \u00fcz\u00fcme kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan zehirden, baz\u0131lar\u0131nda ise hem \u00fcz\u00fcm ve hem de nardan bahsedilmektedir.[62]<\/sup>\u00a0Cafer Murtaza H\u00fcseyni, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) \u015fehadetinde alt\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc zikretmektedir.[63]<\/sup>\u00a0D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u00fczy\u0131l\u00a0muhaddis\u00a0ve rical \u00e2limlerinden \u0130bn Habban, \u201cAli b. Musa er-R\u0131za\u201d maddesinin alt\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle yazar: Ali b. Musa er-R\u0131za (a.s) Me\u2019mun\u2019un kendisine yedirdi\u011fi bir zehirle vefat etti. Bu olay, Hicretin 203. y\u0131l\u0131nda Cumartesi g\u00fcn\u00fc ya\u015fand\u0131.[64]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s)\u00a0\u015fehadetinden\u00a0sonra, Me\u2019mun, \u0130mam\u0131 (a.s) Hamid b. Kahtiye Tai\u2019nin (Haruniye t\u00fcrbesi) evinde Senabad k\u00f6y\u00fcne defneder.[65]<\/sup>\u00a0G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Rezevi ad\u0131yla bilinen t\u00fcrbe, \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n Mukaddes Me\u015fhed kentinde yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

        <\/span>\u0130mam\u2019\u0131n Me\u2019mun Taraf\u0131ndan \u00d6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin Analizi<\/span><\/h2>\n

        \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) Me\u2019mun taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinin nedenlerinden birisi \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) ile ulema aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan m\u00fcnazaralarda \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n (a.s) onlara sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckt\u00fcr.[66]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        Ba\u015fka bir nedeni ise, \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n (a.s)\u00a0bayram namaz\u0131na\u00a0gitme nedeni oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir. \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) bayram namaz\u0131nda halk taraf\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a g\u00f6rkemli bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131ndan Me\u2019mun tehlikeyi hissetmi\u015f ve \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n (a.s) varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kendi aleyhine oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bundan dolay\u0131, Me\u2019mun kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 her hangi bir giri\u015fimde bulunmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in birilerini g\u00f6revlendirmi\u015ftir.[67]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) Me\u2019mun\u2019dan \u00e7ekinmemekteydi ve \u00e7o\u011funlukla onunla konu\u015ftu\u011funda onu rahats\u0131z edici cevaplar vermekteydi. Bu da, her ne kadar belli olmasa bile, Me\u2019mun\u2019un \u0130mam\u2019a (a.s) kar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rmaktayd\u0131.[68]<\/sup>\u00a0Nakledildi\u011fine g\u00f6re Me\u2019mun askeri birliklerinin kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir f\u00fctuhat sonras\u0131 sevgi g\u00f6sterisinde bulunmu\u015f, bunun \u00fczerine \u0130mam (a.s) ona \u015f\u00f6yle buyurmu\u015ftur: \u201cEy Harun\u2019un o\u011flu!\u00a0Muhammed\u00a0(s.a.a) \u00fcmmeti ve\u00a0Allah\u2019\u0131n sana verdi\u011fi \u015feylerden \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc Allah\u2019tan kork. Sen\u00a0M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n\u00a0i\u015flerini heba ettin\u2026\u201d[69]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        Nispet Verilen Eserler<\/span><\/h2>\n

        Baz\u0131 yazarlar, \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019dan (a.s) baz\u0131 konularda nakledilen\u00a0hadisler, bilim ve \u00e7e\u015fitli konularda imama m\u00fcracaat edilerek sorulan sorulara \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n (a.s) verdi\u011fi yan\u0131tlar\u0131 bir araya getiren (Uyun-u Ahbari\u2019r- R\u0131za kitab\u0131 gibi) kitaplar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bizzat \u0130mam (a.s) taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lan baz\u0131 kitaplardan da bahsetmi\u015flerdir. Bunlar\u0131n \u0130mam\u2019a (a.s) nispet verilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli derecede delile ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmaktad\u0131r ve bu senetlerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 da ispat edilememektedir. Bu kitaplardan birisi de \u201cEl-F\u0131kh-\u0131 Rezevi\u201d kitab\u0131d\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 \u00e2limler bu kitab\u0131n \u0130mam (a.s) taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmemi\u015flerdir.[70]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya (a.s) nispet verilen bir di\u011fer eser ise \u201cRisale-i Zehebiye\u201d eseridir. Bu kitap t\u0131p alan\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Denildi\u011fine g\u00f6re \u0130mam R\u0131za (a.s) bu kitab\u0131 Hicretin 201. y\u0131l\u0131nda Me\u2019mun\u2019a g\u00f6ndermi\u015f ve Me\u2019mun bu risalenin \u00f6nemini ortaya koymak i\u00e7in onun alt\u0131nla yaz\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve sonra Dar\u00fc\u2019l-hikme hazinesinde saklanmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015ftir. Bundan dolay\u0131 bu kitaba Risale-i Zehebiye demi\u015flerdir. Bir\u00e7ok \u00e2lim bu kitap i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131klama yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[71]<\/sup>\u00a0\u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya (a.s) nispet verilen bir di\u011fer kitap ise \u201cSahife-i R\u0131za\u201d kitab\u0131d\u0131r. Bu kitap\u00a0f\u0131k\u0131h\u00a0alan\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve ulemaya g\u00f6re, \u0130mam\u2019a (a.s) verilen nispeti ispatlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[72]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019ya (a.s) nispet verilen bir di\u011fer kitap \u201cMahz\u00fc\u2019l \u0130slam ve \u015eerayi\u00fc\u2019d-Din\u201d kitab\u0131d\u0131r. Anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar\u0131yla bu kitab\u0131n \u0130mam (a.s) taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair sa\u011flam bir kan\u0131t yoktur.\u00a0[73]<\/sup><\/p>\n

        <\/span>Ashab\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n

        Baz\u0131 yazarlar \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) ashab\u0131n\u0131n ve hadislerini rivayet edenlerin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 367 ki\u015fi oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.[74]<\/sup>\u00a0Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Yunus b. Abdurrahman.<\/li>\n
        • Muvaffak (\u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n hizmet\u00e7isi).<\/li>\n
        • Ali b. Mehziyar.<\/li>\n
        • Safvan b. Yahya.<\/li>\n
        • Muhammed b. Sinan.<\/li>\n
        • Zekeriya b. Adem.<\/li>\n
        • Reyyan b. Salt.<\/li>\n
        • Dueyl b. Ali.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          <\/span>Ehli S\u00fcnnet B\u00fcy\u00fcklerinin \u0130mam Hakk\u0131ndaki S\u00f6zleri<\/span><\/h2>\n

          \u0130bn Hacer \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201cR\u0131za, \u015ferif bir nesebe sahipti ve bilim ve fazilet adam\u0131yd\u0131”.[75]<\/sup><\/p>\n

          Yafii \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130mam, b\u00fcy\u00fck olarak say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. En de\u011ferli nesildendir. Eb\u00fc\u2019l Hasan Ali b. Musa el-K\u00e2z\u0131m b. Cafer es-Sad\u0131k b. Muhammed el-Bak\u0131r b. Zeynel Abidin Ali b. El-H\u00fcseyin b. Ali b. Ebu Talip,\u00a0on iki imamdan\u00a0birisi ve \u00f6vg\u00fcye lay\u0131k birisidir\u2026[76]<\/sup><\/p>\n

          \u0130bn Habban \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201cKabri (yani \u0130mam R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n kabri \u015ferifleri) Senebad\u2019da, Nukan d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Re\u015fit\u2019in kabrinin yan\u0131ndad\u0131r. Kendisi\u00a0ziyaret\u00a0edilmektedir ve ben onu defalarca ziyaret ettim. Tus\u2019ta oldu\u011fum s\u00fcrece her ne zaman bir s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rsam Ali b. Musa er-R\u0131za\u2019n\u0131n (a.s) kabrini ziyaret eder ve s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131m\u0131 gidermesi i\u00e7in Allah\u2019\u0131 anard\u0131m ve s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131m giderilirdi. Bunu defalarca tecr\u00fcbe ettim ve sonu\u00e7 hep bu \u015fekilde oldu.\u00a0Allah, bizi\u00a0Mustafaye\u00a0ve\u00a0Ehlibeyte\u00a0(a.s) sevgiye sahipken \u00f6ld\u00fcrs\u00fcn. .\u201d[77]<\/sup><\/p>\n

          \u0130bn Neccar Ba\u011fdadi \u015f\u00f6yle yazmaktad\u0131r: \u201cKendisi ilim ve dinde \u00f6yle bir makama ermi\u015ftir ki yirmi k\u00fcs\u00fcr ya\u015f\u0131nda iken Mescid-i Nebi\u2019de (s.a.a)\u00a0fetva\u00a0vermekteydi.\u201d[78]<\/sup><\/p>\n

          <\/span>\u0130mam R\u0131za’n\u0131n Ziyaretnamesi<\/span><\/h2>\n
          \n
          Ana Madde:\u00a0\u0130mam R\u0131za’n\u0131n Ziyaretnamesi<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n
            \n
          • \u0130mam R\u0131za’y\u0131 (a.s) ziyarete giderken evden \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00f6nce guslet ve guslederken \u015f\u00f6yle de:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

             <\/p>\n

            \n

            \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0637\u064e\u0647\u0650\u0651\u0631\u0652\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0648\u064e \u0637\u064e\u0647\u0650\u0651\u0631\u0652 \u0644\u0650\u064a \u0642\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0628\u0650\u064a \u0648\u064e \u0627\u0634\u0652\u0631\u064e\u062d\u0652 \u0644\u0650\u064a \u0635\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0631\u0650\u064a \u0648\u064e \u0623\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0631\u0650 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0644\u0650\u0633\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0645\u0650\u062f\u0652\u062d\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0648\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062b\u064e\u0651\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0643\u064e \u0641\u064e\u0625\u0650\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f \u0644\u0627 \u0642\u064f\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0627\u062c\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0647\u064f \u0644\u0650\u064a \u0637\u064e\u0647\u064f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u064e \u0634\u0650\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0621\u064b<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

            Okunu\u015fu:<\/b>
            \nAllahumme tahhirn\u00ee ve tahhir l\u00ee kalb\u00ee ve’\u015frah l\u00ee sadr\u00ee ve ecri ala lisan\u00ee midheteke ve mehebbe-teke ve’s-senae aleyke. Fe-innehu la kuvvete illa bike. Allahummec’el-hu l\u00ee tahuren ve \u015fifaa.<\/p>\n

            Anlam\u0131:<\/b>
            \n<\/span><\/p>\n

            Allah’\u0131m! Beni temizle, kalbimi temizle, g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcme geni\u015flik ver, dilime senin hamd ve \u00f6vg\u00fcn\u00fc ak\u0131t. Do\u011frusu sana dayanmayan hi\u00e7bir g\u00fc\u00e7 yoktur. Allah’\u0131m! Bunu bana temizlik ve \u015fifa k\u0131l.<\/span><\/p>\n

              \n
            • Evden d\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karken de \u015f\u00f6yle de:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \n

              \u0628\u0650\u0633\u0652\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0650 \u0648\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0650 \u062d\u064e\u0633\u0652\u0628\u0650\u064a\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f \u062a\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0643\u064e \u062a\u064e\u0648\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0648\u064e \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0643\u064e \u0642\u064e\u0635\u064e\u062f\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0648\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0639\u0650\u0646\u0652\u062f\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0631\u064e\u062f\u0652\u062a\u064f<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

              Okunu\u015fu:<\/b>
              \nBismillahi ve billahi ve ilellahi ve ile’bn-i Resulillah. Hasbiyellahi tevekkeltu alellahi. Allahumme ileyke teveccehtu ve ileyke gasedtu ve ma indeke erettu.<\/p>\n

              Anlam\u0131:<\/b>
              \nAllah’\u0131n ad\u0131yla, Allah’\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla, Allah’a do\u011fru ve Resulullah’\u0131n o\u011fluna do\u011fru. Allah bana yeter. Ben Allah’a tevekk\u00fcl ettim. Allah’\u0131m! Ben sana y\u00f6neldim, seni ama\u00e7lad\u0131m ve senin yan\u0131ndakini diledim.<\/span><\/p>\n

                \n
              • D\u0131\u015far\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karken evinin kap\u0131s\u0131nda dur ve \u015fu duay\u0131 oku:<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0651 \u0625\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0643\u064e \u0648\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0648\u064e\u062c\u0652\u0647\u0650\u064a \u0648\u064e \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0643\u064e \u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0623\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0644\u0650\u064a \u0648\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0650\u064a \u0648\u064e \u0645\u064e\u0627 \u062e\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0648\u064e \u0628\u0650\u0643\u064e<\/p>\n

                <\/span>Kaynak\u00e7a<\/span><\/h2>\n
                \n
                \n
                \n
                  \n
                1. D\u00e2hil, k. 1429, s. 76-77.<\/span><\/li>\n
                2. El-M\u00fcfid, k. 1428, s. 447.<\/span><\/li>\n
                3. El-Emin, es-Seyyid Muhsin, A\u2019yan\u00fc\u2019\u015f-\u015eia, c. 2, Beyrut, Dar\u00fc\u2019t- taarif lil-Matbuat, k. 1418\/1998, s. 545.<\/span><\/li>\n
                4. Fadlullah, 1377, s. 43.<\/span><\/li>\n
                5. El-Kuleyni, \u015f. 1363, s. 486.<\/span><\/li>\n
                6. El-Amuli, k. 1430, s. 168.<\/span><\/li>\n
                7. Fadlallah, 1377, s. 43.<\/span><\/li>\n
                8. El-Kuleyni, c. 1, s. 486, 1363.<\/span><\/li>\n
                9. El-Amuli, k. 1430, s. 169.<\/span><\/li>\n
                10. Et-Tabersi, 1417, s. 41.<\/span><\/li>\n
                11. Bkz. Kre\u015fi, c. 2, s. 503-504.<\/span><\/li>\n
                12. El-M\u00fcfid, k. 1428, s. 447.<\/span><\/li>\n
                13. Saduk, c. 1, s. 26, 1373.<\/span><\/li>\n
                14. Saduk, c. 1, s. 27, 1373.<\/span><\/li>\n
                15. Saduk, c. 1, s. 30-31, 1373.<\/span><\/li>\n
                16. Dehhuda, c. 8, s. 12109, R\u0131za ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131.<\/span><\/li>\n
                17. Caferiyan, 1381, s. 425.<\/span><\/li>\n
                18. Et-Tabersi, 1417, s. 91.<\/span><\/li>\n
                19. El-Kuleyni, el-K\u00e2fi, tashih Muhammed Ahundi, c. 1, s. 492.<\/span><\/li>\n
                20. Et-Taberi, Muhammed b. Cerir, et-Tarih, c. 7, Beyrut, m\u00fcessese el-A\u2019lemi lil-Matbuat, s. 149 (Mektebetu Ehlilbeyt, ikinci s\u00fcr\u00fcm CD).<\/span><\/li>\n
                21. El-Kure\u015fi, c. 2, s. 408, k. 1429.<\/span><\/li>\n
                22. Yafii, c. 2, s. 10, k. 1417.<\/span><\/li>\n
                23. Es-Suyuti, s. 307.<\/span><\/li>\n
                24. Fazlullah, Muhammed Cevad, s. 44.<\/span><\/li>\n
                25. El-Cevzi, s. 123.<\/span><\/li>\n
                26. Caferiyan, 1381, s. 426.<\/span><\/li>\n
                27. El-M\u00fcfid, s. 464.<\/span><\/li>\n
                28. Fazlullah, 1377, s. 44.<\/span><\/li>\n
                29. Bkz. Kummi, 1379, s. 1725-1726.<\/span><\/li>\n
                30. El-Tabersi, c. 2, s. 41-42, k. 1417.<\/span><\/li>\n
                31. El-M\u00fcfid, s. 448.<\/span><\/li>\n
                32. El-M\u00fcfid, s. 448.<\/span><\/li>\n
                33. El-M\u00fcfid, s. 448. Bu konuda ba\u015fka hadisler i\u00e7in Bkz. A.g.e, s. 448-451.<\/span><\/li>\n
                34. Caferiyan, 1381, s. 427.<\/span><\/li>\n
                35. \u0130rfan Mene\u015f, 1374, s. 18.<\/span><\/li>\n
                36. Caferiyan, 1381, s. 426.<\/span><\/li>\n
                37. Yakubi, c. 2, s. 1378, s. 465.<\/span><\/li>\n
                38. Mutahhari, c. 18, s. 124, 1381.<\/span><\/li>\n
                39. Caferiyan, 1378, s. 95.<\/span><\/li>\n
                40. Fadlullah, 1377, s. 133.<\/span><\/li>\n
                41. El-M\u00fcfid, s. 455.<\/span><\/li>\n
                42. Saduk, Sevab\u00fc\u2019l Amal ve \u0130kab\u00fc\u2019l Amal, s. 21 – 22.<\/span><\/li>\n
                43. El-M\u00fcfid, s. 455-456.<\/span><\/li>\n
                44. Dairet\u00fc\u2019l Maarif Te\u015fayy\u00fc, c. 1, s. 439-440, 1366.<\/span><\/li>\n
                45. Yakubi, s. 465.<\/span><\/li>\n
                46. El-M\u00fcfid, s. 458-459.<\/span><\/li>\n
                47. Yakubi, s. 466.<\/span><\/li>\n
                48. Dehhuda, c. 8, s. 12109, 1377, R\u0131za maddesi.<\/span><\/li>\n
                49. H\u00fcseyni, Cafer Murtaza, s. 20, 1381.<\/span><\/li>\n
                50. H\u00fcseyni, Cafer Murtaza, s. 127, 1381.<\/span><\/li>\n
                51. Saduk, c. 2, s. 314-315, 1373.<\/span><\/li>\n
                52. Bkz. Saduk, c. 2, s. 309. 312, 313, \u015f. 1373.<\/span><\/li>\n
                53. Zendegani Siyasi He\u015ftomin \u0130mam, yazar: Cafer Murtaza H\u00fcseyni, terc\u00fcme: Halil Haliliyan, Dehhuda, c. 8, s. 1377, s. 12110-12111\u2019den naklen.<\/span><\/li>\n
                54. Caferiyan, s. 442, 1381.<\/span><\/li>\n
                55. Bkz. Et-Tabersi, c. 2, s. 396 ve sonras\u0131, k. 1403.<\/span><\/li>\n
                56. Uyun-u Ahbari\u2019r-R\u0131za, c. 1, s. 152, Caferiyan, s. 442\u2019den naklen.<\/span><\/li>\n
                57. Caferiyan, s. 442-443, 1381.<\/span><\/li>\n
                58. Caferiyan, s. 443-444, 1381.<\/span><\/li>\n
                59. Yakubi, s. 469.<\/span><\/li>\n
                60. Yakubi, s. 471.<\/span><\/li>\n
                61. El-M\u00fcfid, s. 464.<\/span><\/li>\n
                62. Bkz. Saduk, c. 2, s. 592 ve 602, \u015f. 1373.<\/span><\/li>\n
                63. Bkz. H\u00fcseyni, Cafer Murtaza, s. 202-212, \u015f. 1381.<\/span><\/li>\n
                64. \u0130bn Habban, c. 8, s. 456-457, Caferiyan, 1376, s. 460.<\/span><\/li>\n
                65. El-M\u00fcfid, s. 464.<\/span><\/li>\n
                66. Caferiyan, 1376, s. 443.<\/span><\/li>\n
                67. Caferiyan, 1376, s. 444.<\/span><\/li>\n
                68. Caferiyan, 1376, s. 444-445.<\/span><\/li>\n
                69. El-Attaradi, s. 84-85, 1413.<\/span><\/li>\n
                70. Fadlallah, s. 187, \u015f. 1377.<\/span><\/li>\n
                71. Fadlallah, s. 191-196, \u015f. 1377.<\/span><\/li>\n
                72. Fadlallah, s. 196, \u015f. 1377.<\/span><\/li>\n
                73. Fadlallah, s. 197-198, \u015f. 1377.<\/span><\/li>\n
                74. Bkz. Kure\u015fi, k. 1429\/m. 2008.<\/span><\/li>\n
                75. Askalani, Tehzib\u00fc\u2019t- Tehzib, c. 7, s. 389.<\/span><\/li>\n
                76. Yafii, c. 2, s. 10, h.k. 1417.<\/span><\/li>\n
                77. \u0130bn Habban, c. 8, s. 457, h.k. 1402.<\/span><\/li>\n
                78. \u0130bn Neccar, Tarihi Ba\u011fdat zeylinde, c. 4, s. 135.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Hasan Ali bin Musa er-R\u0131za\u00a0(Arap\u00e7a:\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645) (h. 148-203),\u00a0\u0130sna A\u015fer\u00a0(On \u0130ki \u0130mam)\u00a0\u015eia\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n sekizinci imam\u0131d\u0131r. En me\u015fhur lakab\u0131 \u201cR\u0131za\u201d ve \u201c\u0130mam R\u0131za\u201d olarak an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. K\u00fcnyesi Eb\u00fc\u2019l-Hasan\u2019d\u0131r. Babas\u0131 \u015eialar\u0131n Yedinci \u0130mam\u0131,\u00a0\u0130mam K\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019d\u0131r. Annesinin ad\u0131 konusunda fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r: \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00dcmm\u00fc\u2019l Benin, T\u00fcktem, Necime denilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[112],"class_list":["post-1295","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-magazine","tag-imam-riza-a-s","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1295","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1295"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1295\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1304,"href":"https:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1295\/revisions\/1304"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1295"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1295"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/al-mostabserin.com\/turkish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1295"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}